First National Preventive Health Research Programme YELP Holistic First Business Plan YELP Holistic First Business Plan Defined Terms SWOT Analysis Executive Summary Deliverables And Costs Snapshot Page To 10 Benchmark Techniques Defined Terms for Five YELP Business Plans

Second National Preventive Health Research Programme

First BTAAP Business Plan Bohemian Teenagers Show Choir Programme Defined Terms BTSCP

Second BTAAP Business Plan Bohemian Teenagers Symphony Orchestras Programme Defined Terms - Bohemian Teenager Symphony Orchestra Programme

Third BTAAP Business Plan Bohemian Teenager Ballet & Modern Dance Programme Defined Terms BTB&MDCP

Indigenous Australians means the below final features amongst the definition of Disadvantaged:

have low education displaying poor reading, writing and numerical skills; and/or
from a non-English speaking background; and/or
may live in rural and remote areas; and/or
many are Indigenous to Australia.

The majority of Disadvantaged Indigenous Australians live within Aboriginal communities in remote areas.

As at 30 June 2001, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia was estimated to be 458,500, or 2.4% of the total population:

Persons identifying as 'Aboriginal origin' comprised about 90% of this estimated resident Indigenous population.
Persons of 'Torres Strait Islander origin' comprised 6%
Those with both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin comprised 4%.

Much greater proportions of the Indigenous Australian population are found in age groups under 20 years, compared with corresponding proportions in the non-Indigenous population, and lower proportions are found in age groups 40 years and over.

In 2001 the median age of Indigenous Australians was 21 years, compared with 36 years for other Australians.

More than half of all Indigenous Australians lived in New South Wales and Queensland, with the majority residing in urban areas. New South Wales had the greatest number of Indigenous Australians (134,900) and the Northern Territory had the highest proportion, with around 29% of its population reporting being Indigenous. Around 25% of the Indigenous Australian population lived in areas classified as 'remote' or 'very remote', compared with only 2% of the non-Indigenous population.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are Disadvantaged across a range of socio-economic factors reported upon in the 2001 Census. They experienced lower incomes than the non-Indigenous population, higher rates of unemployment, poorer educational outcomes and lower rates of home ownership - all of which can impact upon health and QOL.

Below is an extract from "Key findings" of Australian facts Diabetes 2008 Diabetes series no. 8

Some population groups are more susceptible to diabetes than others Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples

In 2004–05, the prevalence of diabetes among Indigenous people was estimated to be over 3 times the rate of non-Indigenous people.

In the same year, 62% of Indigenous people aged 15 years and over were estimated to be either overweight or obese, compared with 51% of non-Indigenous people.

Diabetes hospitalisations for Indigenous people were nearly 11 times as high as for other Australians in 2004–05. Hospitalisations for kidney complications among Indigenous people were 29 times as high as for other Australian people.

The death rate from diabetes among Indigenous people was almost 12 times that experienced by non-Indigenous Australians.

Death rates from renal complications among Indigenous people were 19 times that of non-Indigenous people and deaths from CHD, stroke, PVD and lower limb ulcers were approximately 7 times as high.

Australia: the healthiest country by 2020 notes:

"The burden of disease caused by obesity, tobacco and alcohol makes up a significant part of the 17-year difference in life expectancy between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Similarly, a large part of the differences in health status between rich and poor Australians and between city dwellers and rural and remote Australians can be attributed to obesity, tobacco and alcohol."

Sport has proven the "greatest leveller" between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, particularly within Four Traditionally Available Rigorous Sports.

Thankfully, more recently, there has been an upsurge in providing 'pleasant activity scheduling' and 'distraction techniques', akin to the the Second Basic Component Of CBT, through providing opportunities to younger aboriginals to train as boxers/fighters.

Patently, Nelsons Mandela's "Sport has the power to change the world" is the optimum vehicle to reduce Lifestyle Related Chronic Diseases, and Other Personal, Social, Productivity and Environmental Costs, by providing 'pleasant activity scheduling' and 'distraction techniques' which enables Australians, indigenous and non-indigenous, to take on Annual Endurance Sporting Events which are more appealing than Negligent Lifestyle Behaviour which causes Lifestyle Related Chronic Diseases.

But it doesn't have to be limited to Boxing and the other three of the Four Traditionally Available Rigorous Sports.

Refer Section 16(c) and definition of Primary Research Programme notes that of the 25 Volunteers from the Disadvantaged and Disabled in the 10 Months Tenure Of Primary Research Programme, at least 12 Volunteers would be Indigenous Australian adults comprising -

(a) 10 aboriginals living on a remote aboriginal settlement who are assisted by the Head Consultant (nee Business Plan Developer), Research Programme Team, at least Two Seasoned Endurance Road Cyclists and a local social worker, to form their own LDRREG; and

(b) 2 Torres Strait Islander people working in say Sydney.

Hilly Rides Challenge Equipment Kit includes a URL to a motivational account by ABC Radio of Recently retired magistrate, Antoine Bloeman, who employed unconventional and controversial sentences, including offering a guilty felon, a young aboriginal, a new bicycle if he didn't re-offend for 90 days. The retired magistrate's psychology is consistent with the above logic.

See Beyond Billagong, Champs Elysees dreaming nears reality and Bikes for Bush.