Wherever a third party holds copyright in this material, the copyright remains with that party. Their permission may be required to use the material, please contact them directly.

This work should be attributed as follows, Source: Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision, Report on Government Services 2017.

If you have adapted, modified or transformed this work in anyway, please use the following, Source: based on Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision data, Report on Government Services 2017.

SCRGSP (Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision) 2017, Report on Government Services 2017, Productivity Commission, Canberra.

SCRGSP (Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision) 2017, Report on Government Services 2017, vol. C, Justice, Productivity Commission, Canberra.

The Productivity Commission acts as the Secretariat for the Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision. This report and previous editions are available from the Productivity Commission website at www.pc.gov.au.

The Steering Committee welcomes enquiries and suggestions on the information contained in this report. Contact the Secretariat by phone: (03) 9653 2100 or email: gsp@pc.gov.au

FOREWORD iii

Foreword

This is the twenty-second edition of the Report on Government Services —comparing the performance of governments in the efficient and effective delivery of a wide range of services aimed at improving the wellbeing of all Australians.

The Report was commissioned in 1993 by Heads of Government (now COAG). A new terms of reference issued in 2010 emphasised the dual roles of the Report in improving service delivery, efficiency and performance, and increasing accountability to governments and the public.

Improving the services in this Report is important to us all — everyone will rely on some of these services at some time in their lives (for example, school education), with some services for people with specific needs (for example, disability services) and some services an important part of the social welfare system (for example, social housing).

This edition is the first step in a major transformation to improve the Report’s accessibility and timeliness.

Accessibility has been improved with the Report streamlined to focus on information critical to understanding service performance, and the introductory chapters now available as a series of web pages with direct links to key material, rather than having to download a number of files.

The Report’s usefulness also relies on timely data. While we have current year data for most service areas some gaps remain, particularly for health data. For service-level data to be more useful for policy makers and the community, we need to reduce the time from data collection to clearance by agencies for reporting.

I would like to thank the Steering Committee for its oversight of this Report, the working group members who provide advice and input, and the Review Secretariat within the Productivity Commission which supports the Steering Committee and working groups, and produces the Report.

Peter Harris AO Chairman

January 2017

CONTENTS v

Contents

C.1 Introduction C.1

C.2 Sector performance indicator framework C.8

C.3 Cross-cutting and interface issues C.18

C.4 References C.19

6.1 Profile of police services 6.1

6.2 Framework of performance indicators 6.5

6.3 Key performance indicator results 6.7

6.4 Definitions of key terms 6.33

6.5 References 6.37

7.1 Profile of court services 7.2

7.2 Framework of performance indicators 7.16

7.3 Key performance indicator results 7.17

7.4 Definitions of key terms 7.42

7.5 References 7.45

8.1 Profile of corrective services 8.2

8.2 Framework of performance indicators 8.6

8.3 Key performance indicator results 8.8

vi REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

8.4 Definitions of key terms 8.24

8.5 References 8.29

STEERING COMMITTEE vii

Steering Committee

This report was produced under the direction of the Steering Committee for the Review of Government Service Provision (SCRGSP). The Steering Committee comprises the following current members:

Mr Peter Harris

Chairman

Productivity Commission

Mr Nicholas Hunt Mr Marty Robinson Ms Josephine Laduzko

Aust. Govt. Aust. Govt. Aust. Govt.

Department of Finance The Treasury Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet

Mr Rick Sondalini Ms Anita Truninger

NSW NSW

NSW Treasury Department of Premier and Cabinet

Ms Brigid Monagle Mr Jeremy Nott

Vic Vic

Department of Premier and Cabinet Department of Treasury and Finance

Ms Nicole Tabb Ms Janelle Thurlby

Qld Qld

Department of the Premier and Cabinet Queensland Treasury

Ms Melissa Rudez Mr Kurt Sibma

WA WA

Department of the Premier and Cabinet Department of Treasury

Ms Tammie Pribanic Mr Chris McGowan

SA SA

Department of Treasury and Finance Department of the Premier and Cabinet

Ms Ruth McArdle

Tas

Department of Premier and Cabinet

Mr Geoffrey Rutledge

ACT

Chief Minister, Treasury and Economic Development Directorate

Ms Jean Doherty Ms Linda Weatherhead Ms Nardia Harris

NT NT NT

Department of the Chief Minister Department of the Chief Minister Department of Treasury and Finance

Dr Paul Jelfs

Australian Bureau of Statistics

Mr Barry Sandison

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare

viii REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

People who also served on the Steering Committee during the production of this Report include:

Ms Emily Martin Mr Jonathan Rollings

Aust. Govt. Aust. Govt.

The Treasury The Treasury

Ms Michelle Dumazel

NSW

Department of Premier and Cabinet

Ms Nicole Hunter

SA

Department of the Premier and Cabinet

Ms Rebekah Burton

Tas

Department of Premier and Cabinet

Mr Andrew Kettle

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare

TERMS OF REFERENCE ix

Terms of Reference

1. The Steering Committee will measure and publish annually data on the equity, efficiency and cost effectiveness of government services through the Report on Government Services (ROGS).

2. The ROGS facilitates improved service delivery, efficiency and performance, and accountability to governments and the public by providing a repository of meaningful, balanced, credible, comparative information on the provision of government services, capturing qualitative as well as quantitative change. The Steering Committee will seek to ensure that the performance indicators are administratively simple and cost effective.

3. The ROGS should include a robust set of performance indicators, consistent with the principles set out in the Intergovernmental Agreement on Federal Financial Relations; and an emphasis on longitudinal reporting, subject to a program of continual improvement in reporting.

4. To encourage improvements in service delivery and effectiveness, ROGS should also highlight improvements and innovation.

5. The Steering Committee exercises overall authority within the ROGS reporting process, including determining the coverage of its reporting and the specific performance indicators that will be published, taking into account the scope of National Agreement reporting and avoiding unnecessary data provision burdens for jurisdictions.

6. The Steering Committee will implement a program of review and continuous improvement that will allow for changes to the scope of the ROGS over time, including reporting on new service areas and significant service delivery areas that are jurisdiction-specific.

7. The Steering Committee will review the ROGS every three years and advise COAG on jurisdictions’ compliance with data provision requirements and of potential improvements in data collection. It may also report on other matters, for example, ROGS’s scope, relevance and usefulness; and other matters consistent with the Steering Committee’s terms of reference and charter of operations.

Outputs and objectives

Steering Committee authority

Reporting to COAG

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.1

C Justice sector overview

CONTENTS

C.1 Introduction C.1

C.2 Sector performance indicator framework C.8

C.3 Cross-cutting and interface issues C.18

C.4 References C.19

This sector overview provides an introduction to justice services, comprising police services (chapter 6), civil and criminal courts’ administration (chapter 7) and adult corrective services (chapter 8). It provides an overview of the justice sector, presenting both contextual information and high-level performance information.

Sector outline

The Justice sector services covered in this Report comprise:

C.2 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

The justice sector services comprise both criminal and civil jurisdictions. Services in the criminal jurisdiction are delivered by police, courts and corrective services. In the civil jurisdiction, police deliver services for infringements, and courts deal with civil law matters.

Other government services that contribute to criminal and civil justice outcomes but are not covered in this Report are:

Justice services for children and young offenders are covered under youth justice in chapter 17 of the Report.

Roles and responsibilities

Figure C.1 shows the typical flow of events in the criminal justice system. The roles of police, courts and corrective services, and the sequencing of their involvement, are shown.

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.3

Figure C.2 is an indicative model of the flows through the civil justice system. While the emphasis is on the flow of disputes which proceed to court, the role of alternative dispute resolution processes is considerable in civil justice.

C.4 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Real recurrent expenditure on justice services in this Report

Total real recurrent expenditure (less revenue from own sources) for those parts of the justice system covered in this Report was about $16.2 billion in 2015-16 (table C.1).

Civil disputeDisputants attempt alternative dispute resolution (eg mediation)Dispute not resolvedDispute resolvedEnd of disputeCourt proceedings commencedEntry into court systemPlaintiff does not proceed furtherDefence not filedDefence filedPlaintiff applies for default judgmentPre-trial activityDefault judgment given TrialDefault judgment not contestedDefault judgment contestedDefault judgment upheldLitigation process and outcome Settlement (can be through alternative dispute resolution)Court gives decisionNo appealAppeal proceedings initiatedPreparation of appeal caseHearing of appealSettlement (can be through alternative dispute resolution)Appellate court gives decisionNo further appealEnforcement of the court decision or the terms of settlement, if required.EnforcementEnd of case

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.5

Police services

$m

10 073

9 987

10 536

10 793

10 982

2.2

$m

827

807

793

821

825

-0.1

$m

690

645

630

636

611

-3.0

Corrective services

$m

3 200

3 207

3 370

3 635

3 738

4.0

%

%

%

%

%

Police services

%

68.1

68.2

68.7

67.9

68.0

..

%

5.6

5.5

5.2

5.2

5.1

..

%

4.7

4.4

4.1

4.0

3.8

..

Corrective services

%

21.6

21.9

22.0

22.9

23.1

..

a Totals may not sum as a result of rounding. b Expenditure data include depreciation, but exclude payroll tax and user cost of capital. This treatment has been adopted to aid comparability in the above table and may differ from the treatment used in tables within individual chapters. c Excludes real net recurrent expenditure on probate matters. d See tables 6A.10, 7A.14-15 and 8A.2 for detailed footnotes and caveats. .. Not applicable.

Source: Australian, State and Territory governments (unpublished); tables 6A.10, 7A.14-15 and 8A.2.

Unit cost indicators for individual justice services in the Report are presented in the related chapters, but some outcomes result from interactions among the individual services. One indicator of sector efficiency is annual government recurrent expenditure per person on justice services (table C.2).

Nationally in 2015-16, real expenditure (less revenue from own sources) per person on the areas of justice reported on was $719 (table C.2).

C.6 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Police services

$

451

433

445

521

431

415

427

1257

459

$

27

35

32

46

42

32

48

115

34

$

12

20

10

30

13

13

27

45

26

Corrective services

$

164

184

187

320

196

181

209

861

201

Police services

%

68.9

64.4

66.0

56.8

63.2

64.7

60.0

55.2

63.8

%

4.2

5.2

4.7

5.0

6.2

5.0

6.7

5.0

4.8

%

1.9

3.0

1.5

3.3

1.9

2.1

3.9

2.0

3.5

Corrective services

%

25.1

27.4

27.7

34.8

28.7

28.2

29.4

37.8

27.9

a Totals may not sum as a result of rounding. b See tables 6A.10, 7A.14-15 and 8A.2 for detailed footnotes and caveats.

Source: Australian, State and Territory governments (unpublished); tables 6A.10, 7A.14-15 and 8A.2.

Criminal jurisdiction

Links have been drawn between criminal activity and social and economic factors such as poverty, levels of substance abuse, unemployment, and levels of social and community cohesion (Weatherburn 2001). Mental illness and early experiences of abuse may also have an interactive influence (Forsythe and Adams 2009) although the nature of these relationships with criminal activity can be complex. Levels of demand on justice services can be further driven by changes in legislative and policy environments introduced in response to social concerns such as levels of crime and fear of crime.

It was estimated that in 2011 the cost of crime in Australia was approximately $23.1 billion (Smith et al 2014). When combined with the costs of criminal justice, victim assistance, security, insurance and household precautions the total estimated cost of crime to the community rose to $47.6 billion. Expenditure by governments on criminal justice in 2011 was estimated at $16.3 billion, accounting for about one-third of the estimated overall costs. This is an increase from 2005, where expenditure on criminal justice accounted for about one-quarter of total costs (Rollings 2008).

While some estimates for criminal costs relating to fraud and drugs were included in the report by Smith et al (2014), the emphasis was more on crimes against the person and likely underestimated costs associated with organised crime. There is a financial cost to governments in identifying, investigating, prosecuting and preventing organised crime, and it can harm the Australian economy by pushing out legitimate business or eroding public confidence in the banking, finance or investment sectors (ACC 2015). The Australian

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.7

Crime Commission has conservatively estimated that the costs to Australia of serious and organised crime amount to around $15 billion annually (ACC 2013).

Civil jurisdiction

Demand for civil justice services is influenced by the types of legal issues people experience, which in turn are influenced by social and economic factors. Demand also varies with the way in which people respond to legal issues — do nothing, deal with the issue independently or seek advice or legal assistance (Australian Government Attorney-General’s Department 2009). A survey of legal needs undertaken across Australia in 2008 by the Law and Justice Foundation of NSW found that disability, age, Indigenous status, disadvantaged housing and unemployment were associated with higher levels of legal problems. These characteristics were differentially associated with both the types of legal problems experienced and the strategies which people used in response to those problems (Coumarelos, Macourt, People, McDonald, Wei, Iriana and Ramsey 2012). Legal needs can also change over time, as a result of changes in the legislative, economic and social environments (Productivity Commission 2014).

The objectives of the criminal and civil justice system are provided in box C.1. Specific objectives for each of the three justice services can be found in chapters 6 (police services), 7 (courts) and 8 (corrective services).

C.8 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

This sector overview is based on a sector performance indicator framework (figure C.3), made up of the following elements:

Figure C.3 Criminal and civil justice sector performance indicator framework

Community perceptions of safety

‘Community perceptions of safety’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to maintain safe communities (box C.2).

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.9

Data for this indicator are derived from the National Survey of Community Satisfaction with Policing (NSCSP) – see chapter 6 for further details on this survey.

Nationally in 2015-16, 88.5 per cent of people felt ‘safe’ or ‘very safe’ at home alone during the night (figure C.4). The proportions were lower for those walking alone locally during the night (51.7 per cent nationally) and lower again for those on public transport during the night (24.3 per cent nationally) (figure C.4).

Source: Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA) (unpublished) NSCSP; tables CA.1-2 and 6A.19-21.

C.10 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Crime victimisation

‘Crime victimisation’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to maintain safe communities (box C.3).

Based on ABS crime victimisation survey data, nationally in 2014-15, it was estimated there were:

Nationally, rates of physical and face-to-face threatened assault (table 6A.27) have been decreasing since 2011-12.

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.11

Source: ABS (2016) Crime Victimisation, Australia 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0; tables CA.3 and 6A.27.

Source: ABS (2016) Crime Victimisation, Australia 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0; tables CA.4 and 6A.28.

C.12 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Re-offending rates

The extent to which people who have had contact with the criminal justice system are re-arrested, re-convicted or receive further sentences can be viewed as a partial indicator of governments’ objective to maintain safe communities (box C.4).

Table C.3 provides data on the number of times offenders, aged 10 years and over, were proceeded against by police in 2014-15. The data represent each separate occasion that police initiated a legal action against an offender. Depending on the type of offence

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.13

committed, police will either initiate a court or non-court action. Court actions involve the laying of charges against an offender that must be answered in court. Non-court actions can include informal or formal warnings, conferencing, counselling, drug diversionary schemes or the issuing of penalty notices which do not require an appearance in court. In each State and Territory (except WA for whom data were not available), the majority of offenders (around three-quarters) were proceeded against only once during 2014-15.

1

72.4

76.1

68.6

na

83.7

77.8

85.0

66.4

2

14.0

13.0

16.4

na

9.9

12.7

9.8

17.5

3

5.6

5.0

6.7

na

3.2

4.5

3.4

6.8

4

2.8

2.5

3.3

na

1.5

2.0

1.0

3.6

5.2

3.4

5.0

na

1.6

2.9

0.7

5.6

Total

100.0

100.0

100.0

na

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

a See box C.4 and table CA.5 for detailed definitions, footnotes and caveats. na Not available.

The most recent data for adult offenders released from prison who returned to corrective services within two years relate to prisoners released during 2013-14 who returned to corrective services by 2015-16 (table C.4). Nationally, 44.6 per cent of released prisoners had returned to prison within two years, while 52.6 per cent had returned to corrective services.

Prisoners returning to:

50.7

42.8

39.7

38.1

36.9

39.8

41.0

58.3

44.6

55.1

55.6

49.8

45.7

46.1

49.8

61.3

61.0

52.6

a Refers to all prisoners released following a term of sentenced imprisonment including prisoners subject to correctional supervision following release, that is, offenders released on parole or other community corrections orders. Data include returns to prison resulting from the cancellation of a parole order. b Includes a prison sentence or a community corrections order.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished).

C.14 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Table C.5 provides a time series on the proportion of adult offenders released from prison who returned to prison under sentence within two years. The proportion has been increasing each year since 2011-12.

Table C.5 Prisoners released who returned to prison under sentence within two years (per cent)

2011-12

42.5

35.1

36.1

36.1

29.1

36.4

40.8

60.7

39.5

2012-13

42.7

36.8

38.3

36.3

29.0

39.1

46.6

62.4

40.7

2013-14

45.8

39.5

39.8

39.0

38.4

39.3

41.9

59.1

42.7

2014-15

48.1

44.1

40.9

36.2

38.1

39.9

38.7

59.5

44.5

2015-16

50.7

42.8

39.7

38.1

36.9

39.8

41.0

58.3

44.6

a Rates for SA from 2013-14 onwards reflect legislative changes introduced in August 2012 that provides opportunity for parole to be cancelled for a breach of any condition, resulting in return to prison to serve the remaining sentence(s). Previously, breaches of only certain types of conditions would result in cancellation of parole. b NT figures for 2011-12 to 2014-15 have been revised and Australian averages adjusted accordingly.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished).

Table C.6 provides data on offenders who were discharged after serving orders administered by community corrections, including post-prison orders such as parole or licence, and then returned with a new correctional sanction within two years. Nationally, of those offenders who were released during 2013-14, 14.8 per cent had returned with a new correctional sanction to community corrections, and 23.5 per cent had returned to corrective services by 2015-16.

Table C.6 Offenders discharged from community corrections orders during 2013-14 who returned with a new correctional sanction within two years (per cent)

Offenders returning to:

12.1

21.1

15.8

10.6

12.1

19.2

15.4

11.1

14.8

23.4

28.9

21.7

16.5

21.0

24.1

15.8

32.1

23.5

a Includes a prison sentence or a community corrections order.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished).

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.15

Justice staff

‘Justice staff’ employed relative to the population is an indicator of governments’ objective to provide justice services in an equitable and accessible manner (box C.5).

Nationally, there was a total of 64 324 operational and 6327 non-operational staff in 2015-16 — approximately 91 per cent of police staff were operational — with 269 FTE operational police staff per 100 000 people (figure C.7). The number of staff per 100 000 people varies across jurisdictions, in part, due to differing operating environments.

Nationally, there were 4.5 FTE judicial officers per 100 000 population in 2015-16 (figure C.8). Factors such as geographical dispersion, judicial workload and population density should be considered when comparing data on judicial officers.

C.16 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); table CA.6 and 6A.1-8.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); table CA.7 and 7A.27.

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW C.17

Higher court defendants resulting in a guilty plea or finding

‘Higher court defendants resulting in a guilty plea or finding’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to provide justice services in an equitable and accessible manner (box C.6).

Nationally in 2014-15, the proportion of higher court finalised adjudicated defendants who either submitted a guilty plea or were found guilty was 92.8 per cent (figure C.9).

C.18 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Source: ABS (2016) Criminal Courts, Australia. Cat. no. 4513.0; table CA.8.

Although service areas are represented in separate chapters in this Report, performance results are to some extent interdependent. Changes to the functions and operations of each element of the justice system can affect the other parts of the system, for example, the effect of:

There is a trend toward the delivery of justice services through partnerships between agencies, in order to address complex issues and client needs. For example, bail or housing support programs, Neighbourhood Justice centres in Victoria, specialist courts such as Indigenous and drug courts, and adoption of restorative justice principles.

ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics)

—— 2016, Crime Victimisation Australia, 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0, Canberra.

—— 2016, Criminal Courts Australia, 2014-15, Cat. no. 4513.0, Canberra.

ACC (Australian Crime Commission)

—— 2013, Organised crime in Australia 2013, https://www.crimecommission.gov.au/publications/intelligence-products/organised-crime-australia/organised-crime-australia-2013 (accessed 23 July 2015)

—— 2015, Organised crime in Australia 2015, https://www.crimecommission.gov.au/publications/intelligence-products/organised-crime-australia/organised-crime-australia-2015 (accessed 23 July 2015).Australian Government Attorney-General’s Department 2009, A strategic framework for access to justice in the federal civil justice system. Report by the Access to Justice Taskforce, Canberra.

Coumarelos, C., Macourt, D., People, J., McDonald, H.M., Wei, Z., Iriana, R. and Ramsey, S. 2012. Legal Australia-Wide Survey: Legal Need in Australia, Law and Justice Foundation of NSW, Sydney.

Forsythe, L and Adams, K 2009. Mental health, abuse, drug use and crime: does gender matter? Trends and Issues in crime and criminal justice no. 38, Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra.

Productivity Commission 2014, Access to Justice Arrangements, Inquiry Report No. 72, Canberra.

Smith, RG, Jorna, P, Sweeney, J and Fuller, G 2014, Counting the costs of crime in Australia: A 2011 estimate. Research and Public Policy Series no. 129, Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra.

Rollings, K. 2008, Counting the costs of crime in Australia. Research and Public Policy Series no. 91, Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra.

Weatherburn, D 2001, What causes crime? Crime and Justice Bulletin no. 54, NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research.

CA

Justice sector overview- attachment

DefinitionsfortheindicatorsanddescriptorsinthisattachmentareintheJusticeSectorOverviewandchapters6,7and8.Dataforpastyearshavebeenrevisedforsomejurisdictions,wherethishasoccurred,totalsandanyderiveddatahavebeenrecalculated.ForthisreasondataforpastyearspresentedinthisReportmayvaryfromfigurespublishedinearliereditionsofthisReport.

This file is available on the Review website at www.pc.gov.au/rogs/2017.

REPORT ON

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

CONTENTS

Feelings of safety at home alone during the night ("safe" or "very safe")

Feelings of safety in public places during the night ("safe" or "very safe")

Estimatedvictimsofselectedpersonalcrimes,reportedandunreported(no.in'000andno. per 100 000 people) 2014-15

Estimatedvictimsofselectedpropertycrimes,reportedandunreported(numberin'000and number per 100 000 households), 2014-15

Number of times offenders proceeded against by police (per cent)

Police staff, FTE and per population

Judicial officers, FTE and per population

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of CONTENTS

TABLE CA.1

Table CA.1

2015-16

During the night

%

90.2

87.1

88.9

84.1

90.4

88.3

92.6

84.0

88.5

2014-15

During the night

%

88.4

89.5

91.4

88.1

88.9

90.9

92.7

85.1

89.3

2013-14

During the night

%

87.5

90.4

89.7

86.0

90.4

92.9

93.8

85.9

89.0

2012-13

During the night

%

87.9

88.8

88.5

81.6

86.5

89.9

90.3

84.0

87.5

2011-12

During the night

%

87.6

88.9

89.8

83.0

86.0

90.3

91.0

81.3

87.8

2010-11

During the night

%

85.9

87.7

89.8

85.1

84.8

88.9

88.6

81.5

87.1

2009-10

During the night

%

82.5

85.1

86.5

81.4

84.8

87.7

86.2

82.0

84.2

(a)

(b)

Source:

Survey results are subject to sampling error.

Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (ANZPAA) (various years), National Survey of Community Satisfaction with Policing (unpublished); Table 6A.19

Foryearspriorto2015-16,sampledatahavebeenweightedbyfactorssuchasageandgendertoinferresultsforthetotalpopulationaged15yearsoroverineachStateandTerritory.InOctober2015,thequalifying age to participate in the survey was changed to 18 years and over.

REPORT ON

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.1

TABLE CA.2

Table CA.2

2015-16

Walking alone

%

53.9

48.6

51.3

51.0

52.0

58.5

57.1

44.7

51.7

On public transport

%

25.8

25.6

23.6

18.3

25.0

18.8

31.9

12.6

24.3

2014-15

Walking alone

%

54.3

52.1

52.9

49.3

50.5

57.5

58.4

43.8

52.8

On public transport

%

30.3

28.5

29.6

20.7

23.1

24.3

32.9

12.0

27.9

2013-14

Walking alone

%

53.0

50.2

49.5

47.6

48.6

58.9

54.4

43.7

50.8

On public transport

%

26.3

23.5

25.4

17.3

25.5

22.2

32.5

13.9

24.3

2012-13

Walking alone

%

49.1

51.2

51.7

44.4

49.7

55.3

55.1

42.2

49.8

On public transport

%

26.6

24.2

30.5

22.5

24.0

21.6

33.0

18.1

26.0

2011-12

Walking alone

%

51.1

53.5

53.5

45.5

49.0

56.0

55.1

40.7

51.6

On public transport

%

25.8

23.7

30.1

18.8

26.4

22.7

33.6

18.8

25.4

2010-11

Walking alone

%

46.2

47.7

46.9

44.0

43.2

53.7

49.1

35.7

46.4

On public transport

%

25.9

21.7

30.0

20.0

22.8

24.0

34.2

16.9

24.8

2009-10

Walking alone

%

58.5

59.4

62.7

58.4

59.7

65.1

60.5

54.6

59.8

On public transport

%

29.9

25.8

35.4

23.8

30.0

31.4

39.8

26.1

29.5

(a)

(b)

Source:

Foryearspriorto2015-16,sampledatahavebeenweightedbyfactorssuchasageandgendertoinferresultsforthetotalpopulationaged15yearsoroverineachStateandTerritory.InOctober2015,thequalifying age to participate in the survey was changed to 18 years and over.

Survey results are subject to sampling error.

Australia New Zealand Policing Advisory Agency (various years) National Survey of Community Satisfaction with Policing (unpublished); Tables 6A.20 - 6A.21

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.2

TABLE CA.3

Table CA.3

Physical assault

99.0

97.8

91.1

53.5

36.8

10.4

7.0

5.9

400.4

Threatened assault

126.3

130.8

110.4

60.6

40.7

12.6

10.3

4.2

491.9

Robbery

12.7

14.8

10.8

9.4

6.6

2.1

1.1

np

55.9

Sexual assault

18.7

16.5

12.6

np

1.1

np

np

np

58.6

Physical assault

1640.6

2064.9

2451.0

2639.8

2701.3

2520.0

2331.8

4105.8

2137.2

Threatened assault

2093.1

2761.6

2970.2

2990.1

2987.6

3053.1

3431.0

2922.8

2625.6

Robbery

210.5

312.5

290.6

463.8

484.5

508.8

np

np

298.4

Sexual assault

325.2

365.3

356.9

np

84.5

np

np

np

328.5

(a)

(b)

(c) Threatened assault includes face-to-face incidents only.

(d)

(e)

np Not published.

Source:

ABS (2016) Crime Victimisation, Australia, 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0; Table 6A.27.

AvictimisdefinedasapersonreportingatleastoneoftheoffencesincludedintheCrimeVictimisationSurvey.Personswhohavebeenavictimofmultipleoffencetypesduringthereferenceperiodwerecountedonceforeachoffencetypeforwhichtheywereavictimofatleastoneincident.Individualsmaybecountedmultipletimesacrossoffencetypesandconsequentlytheestimatedtotalnumberofvictimscannot be calculated from this table.

Threatened assault includes face-to-face incidents only.

No.per100000werecalculatedusingasdenominators,thepopulationspublishedintherelevantABSdatacubesforpersonsaged15yearsandover.Forsexualassaultquestions,surveyrespondentswereaged 18 years and over.

Some robbery and sexual assault rates include data points with large standard errors so that comparisons between jurisdictions and between years should be interpreted with caution.

For more information on data quality, including collection methodologies and data limitations, see Crime Victimisation, Australia (Cat. No. 4530.0) on the ABS website.

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.3

TABLE CA.4

Table CA.4

Break-in

57.9

55.9

50.2

47.4

17.1

6.1

4.0

3.9

242.5

Attempted break-in

48.9

37.5

35.6

35.8

12.7

3.4

4.2

2.4

180.6

Motor vehicle theft

11.6

14.0

9.1

8.6

4.4

2.1

0.9

1.0

53.4

Theft from motor vehicle

57.5

74.6

37.9

53.1

19.5

3.8

6.3

2.6

254.7

Malicious property damage

137.5

142.2

76.2

86.0

40.4

13.2

9.8

4.7

511.4

Other theft

75.4

75.2

47.8

30.3

21.1

6.5

4.2

2.4

261.4

Break-in

2 051

2 492

2 788

4 956

2 496

2 895

2 738

5 982

2 715

Attempted break-in

1 732

1 672

1 977

3 743

1 854

1 614

2 875

3 681

2 022

Motor vehicle theft

411

624

506

899

642

997

np

1 534

598

Theft from motor vehicle

2 037

3 325

2 105

5 552

2 846

1 804

4 312

3 988

2 852

Malicious property damage

4 871

6 339

4 233

8 991

5 896

6 265

6 708

7 209

5 726

Other theft

2 671

3 352

2 655

3 168

3 079

3 085

2 875

3 681

2 927

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

np Not published.

Sources:

ABS (2016) Crime Victimisation, Australia, 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0; Data cube 45300DO003; Table 6A.28.

Avictimofbreak-inorattemptedbreak-inisdefinedasahouseholdexperiencingatleastonebreak-inorattemptedbreak-in.Break-inisdefinedasanincidentwheretherespondent’shomeincludingagarageorshed,hadbeenbrokeninto.Break-inoffencesrelatingtorespondents’carsorgardensareexcluded.

Avictimofmotorvehicletheftisdefinedasahouseholdreportingatleastonemotorvehicletheft.Victimswerecountedonceonly,regardlessofthenumberofincidentsofmotorvehicletheft.Motorvehicletheftisdefinedasanincidentwhereamotorvehiclewasstolenfromanymemberoftherespondent’shousehold.Itincludesprivatelyownedvehiclesandexcludesvehiclesusedmainlyforcommercial business/business purposes.

For more information on data quality, including collection methodologies and data limitations, see Crime Victimisation, Australia (Cat. No. 4530.0) on the ABS website.

AvictimisdefinedasahouseholdreportingatleastoneoftheoffencesincludedintheCrimeVictimisationSurvey.Householdsthathavebeenavictimofmultipleoffencetypesduringthereferenceperiodwerecountedonceforeachoffencetypeforwhichtheywereavictimofatleastoneincident.

NTdatarefermainlytourbanareasandexcludepeoplelivingindiscreteAboriginalandTorresStraitIslander communities in remote and very remote areas.

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.4

TABLE CA.5

Table CA.5

2014-15

%

72.4

76.1

68.6

na

83.7

77.8

85.0

66.4

%

14.0

13.0

16.4

na

9.9

12.7

9.8

17.5

%

5.6

5.0

6.7

na

3.2

4.5

3.4

6.8

%

2.8

2.5

3.3

na

1.5

2.0

1.0

3.6

%

5.2

3.4

5.0

na

1.6

2.9

0.7

5.6

2013-14

%

75.2

77.6

69.7

na

88.1

78.1

83.7

65.8

%

13.4

12.5

16.1

na

6.9

13.4

10.9

18.0

%

5.0

4.5

6.4

na

2.5

4.1

3.5

7.7

%

2.4

2.3

3.1

na

1.1

2.0

1.1

3.3

%

4.0

3.0

4.7

na

1.3

2.5

0.7

5.1

2012-13

%

76.4

78.9

70.7

na

85.7

77.2

84.8

69.7

%

13.1

12.1

16.0

na

8.3

13.6

10.3

17.0

%

4.8

4.3

6.0

na

3.0

4.4

2.9

6.7

%

2.2

2.0

3.0

na

1.4

2.1

1.2

3.1

%

3.4

2.8

4.2

na

1.6

2.8

1.0

3.4

2011-12

%

77.0

80.2

72.1

na

84.1

76.7

85.3

73.4

%

13.0

11.9

15.4

na

9.4

13.4

9.4

16.8

%

4.7

3.9

5.8

na

3.2

4.6

3.2

5.8

%

2.2

1.7

2.7

na

1.5

2.2

1.0

2.3

%

3.2

2.3

4.0

na

1.7

3.1

1.0

1.8

2010-11

%

77.3

81.0

72.9

na

85.6

75.8

83.1

76.5

%

13.1

11.5

15.4

na

8.8

13.7

11.0

14.7

%

4.6

3.8

5.6

na

2.9

4.9

3.7

5.0

%

2.1

1.6

2.5

na

1.4

2.4

1.3

2.2

%

2.9

2.1

3.6

na

1.3

3.3

0.8

1.6

2009-10

%

78.5

80.4

72.6

na

84.8

75.3

83.3

75.0

%

12.9

11.9

15.7

na

9.5

14.1

10.7

15.4

%

4.4

3.8

5.5

na

3.2

4.6

3.4

5.4

%

1.9

1.7

2.6

na

1.3

2.5

1.4

2.2

%

2.2

2.2

3.6

na

1.2

3.4

1.3

1.9

(a)

1

2

3

4

1

3

4

5 or more

1

2

3

4

5 or more

5 or more

1

2

3

4

5 or more

1

2

3

4

5 or more

WAoffenderdataarerecordedontwodifferentsystemsandpoliceproceedingscannotbematchedbetweenthesetwosystems.WAdataarethereforenotpublished,aspoliceproceedings would be overstated.

1

2

3

4

5 or more

2

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.5

TABLE CA.5

Table CA.5

(b)

(c)

(d)

Not available

Source:

InSA,GeneralExpiationNotices(GENs)maybeissuedforpublicorderoffencesandoffencesagainstjusticeandarestoredonaninfringementdatabasethatcannotbelinkedwithotherpolicedatabases.Offenderswithaprincipaloffenceofpublicorderoffencesoroffencesagainstjusticemaybecountedtwiceiftheyhavecommittedanoffenceinadditiontoreceiving a General Expiation Notice (GEN). Therefore SA data may be overstated.

DatafortheACTincludecriminalinfringementnotices(CINs).AsCINsarerecordedseparatelytootheroffencesitispossiblethatanoffenderwithanoffenceinadditiontoaCINmay be counted twice. Therefore ACT data may be overstated.

ABS (2016) Recorded Crime - Offenders, Cat. no. 4519.0, Canberra.

For more information on data quality, including collection methodologies and data limitations, see Recorded Crime - Offenders (Cat. No. 4519.0) on the ABS website.

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 2 of TABLE CA.5

TABLE CA.6

Table CA.6

2015-16

Operational staff

no.

17 497

16 798

13 695

7 183

5 219

1 323

882

1 727

64 324

Total staff

no.

19 975

17 924

14 428

8 301

5 671

1 568

968

1 816

70 651

Operational per 100 000

no.

228

280

285

276

306

256

224

708

269

Total staff per 100 000

no.

260

299

300

319

333

303

246

744

295

2014-15

Operational staff

no.

17 525

16 182

13 350

6 995

5 274

1 277

848

1 710

63 161

Total staff

no.

20 031

17 200

14 237

8 005

5 662

1 443

932

1 772

69 282

Operational per 100 000

no.

232

275

281

271

312

248

219

700

267

Total staff per 100 000

no.

265

292

300

310

335

280

240

725

294

2013-14

Operational staff

no.

17 334

15 724

13 863

6 895

5 272

1 280

888

1 750

62 967

Total staff

no.

19 760

16 956

15 031

7 851

5 638

1 451

975

1 800

69 462

Operational per 100 000

no.

232

272

296

270

314

249

231

721

270

Total staff per 100 000

no.

265

293

320

308

336

282

254

742

298

2012-13

Operational staff

no.

17 272

14 881

13 360

6 790

5 253

1 249

879

1 651

61 297

Total staff

no.

19 720

15 762

14 750

7 789

5 584

1 402

974

1 789

67 770

Operational per 100 000

no.

235

262

290

275

316

244

232

697

268

Total staff per 100 000

no.

268

278

320

315

336

274

257

755

296

2011-12

Operational staff

no.

17 029

14 410

13 106

6 754

5 256

1 354

870

1 620

60 364

Total staff

no.

19 332

15 626

14 672

7 708

5 639

1 514

949

1 716

67 156

Operational per 100 000

no.

235

259

290

283

320

265

235

697

268

Total staff per 100 000

no.

267

280

325

323

343

296

256

738

299

2010-11

Operational staff

no.

17 033

14 044

13 220

6 494

5 143

1 415

907

1 614

59 821

Total staff

no.

19 266

15 063

14 739

7 648

5 536

1 578

991

1 693

66 514

Operational per 100 000

no.

237

256

298

280

315

277

249

701

270

Total staff per 100 000

no.

268

274

332

330

339

309

272

735

300

2009-10

Operational staff

no.

16 802

12 945

13 087

6 382

5 105

1 372

798

1 528

58 019

Total staff

no.

18 955

14 380

14 406

7 379

5 565

1 573

935

1 637

64 830

Operational per 100 000

no.

237

239

300

282

315

271

223

671

265

Total staff per 100 000

no.

267

265

330

326

344

311

261

719

296

2008-09

Operational staff

no.

16 677

11 074

11 543

6 324

4 885

1 399

819

1 472

54 193

Total staff

no.

19 153

13 901

14 222

7 474

5 431

1 602

945

1 587

64 315

Operational per 100 000

no.

238

208

270

286

306

279

233

661

252

Total staff per 100 000

no.

274

262

333

338

340

319

269

713

299

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.6

TABLE CA.6

Table CA.6

(a)

Source:

DatacompriseallFTEstaffexceptintheNTbetween2007-08and2012-13,wheredataarebasedonaheadcount at 30 June.

State and territory governments (unpublished); Tables 6A.1 - 8

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 2 of TABLE CA.6

TABLE CA.7

Table CA.7

2015-16

Total judicial officers

no.

263.3

250.8

152.6

120.1

72.8

21.6

14.4

25.6

150.8

1 072.0

Total per 100 000

3.4

4.2

3.2

4.6

4.3

4.2

3.7

10.5

0.6

4.5

2014-15

Total judicial officers

no.

261.3

248.0

156.3

118.8

69.9

21.4

13.6

25.8

150.1

1 065.1

Total per 100 000

3.5

4.2

3.3

4.6

4.1

4.2

3.5

10.5

0.6

4.5

2013-14

Total judicial officers

no.

264.2

245.3

153.2

117.1

72.0

20.8

13.0

24.4

159.2

1 069.2

Total per 100 000

3.5

4.2

3.3

4.6

4.3

4.0

3.4

10.1

0.7

4.6

2012-13

Total judicial officers

no.

264.2

240.8

154.3

123.1

75.0

20.8

13.5

25.7

149.7

1 067.0

Total per 100 000

3.6

4.2

3.3

5.0

4.5

4.1

3.5

10.8

0.7

4.7

2011-12

Total judicial officers

no.

270.3

241.4

152.8

124.5

76.5

20.8

12.5

25.7

150.4

1 074.9

Total per 100 000

3.7

4.3

3.4

5.2

4.7

4.1

3.4

11.0

0.7

4.8

2010-11

Total judicial officers

no.

264.9

230.4

148.1

134.2

76.1

20.8

13.7

25.0

144.1

1 057.3

Total per 100 000

3.7

4.2

3.3

5.8

4.7

4.1

3.7

10.9

0.6

4.8

(a)

Source:

Judicialofficersareofficerswhocanmakeenforceableordersofthecourt.Theyincludejudges,associate judges, magistrates, masters, coroners and judicial registrars.

GOVERNMENT

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JUSTICE SECTOR OVERVIEW

PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.7

TABLE CA.8

Table CA.8

2014-15

%

92.6

90.6

94.0

93.5

92.8

93.1

87.1

95.1

92.8

2013-14

%

92.4

92.0

92.7

92.7

93.2

90.0

87.7

98.0

92.5

2012-13

%

91.7

91.2

93.0

92.8

90.1

91.0

94.6

95.8

92.1

2011-12

%

89.9

92.0

92.1

91.5

88.6

93.8

89.6

93.1

91.3

2010-11

%

92.2

90.9

93.1

90.8

90.5

90.9

90.5

89.9

91.8

2009-10

%

91.9

91.1

92.7

89.7

89.5

94.4

84.9

94.5

91.5

2008-09

%

92.2

91.5

94.6

89.6

89.2

95.1

84.0

89.9

92.2

(a)

(b)

Source:

HighercourtscomprisetheSupremeCourtandtheDistrictcourts.Adefendantcanbeeither a person or organisation against whom one or more criminal charges have been laid.

ABS (various years) Criminal Courts Australia,Cat. no. 4513.0, Canberra.

For more information on data quality, including collection methodologies and data limitations, see Criminal Courts Australia (Cat. No. 4513.0) on the ABS website.

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PAGE 1 of TABLE CA.8

POLICE SERVICES 6.1

6 Police services

CONTENTS

6.1 Profile of police services 6.1

6.2 Framework of performance indicators 6.5

6.3 Key performance indicator results 6.7

6.4 Definitions of key terms 6.33

6.5 References 6.37

This chapter reports on the performance of police services covering the operations of the police agencies of each State and Territory government.

All abbreviations used in this Report are available in a complete list in volume A: Approach to performance reporting.

Police services are the principal means through which State and Territory governments pursue the achievement of a safe and secure environment for the community. Across jurisdictions, police activity can be grouped into four broad activity areas:

6.2 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Police services also respond to more general needs in the community — for example, working with emergency management organisations and a wide range of government services and community groups, and advising on general policing and crime issues.

Policing services are predominantly the responsibility of State and Territory government agencies. They include the ACT community policing function performed by the Australian Federal Police (AFP) under an arrangement between the ACT and the Commonwealth Minister for Justice.

The Australian Government is responsible for the AFP. Data for the national policing function of the AFP and other national non-police law enforcement bodies (such as the Australian Crime Commission) are not included in this Report.

Funding for police services comes almost exclusively from State and Territory government budgets, with some limited specific purpose Australian Government grants. Nationally in 2015-16, total recurrent expenditure was $11.0 billion (table 6A.10).

Client groups

Broadly, the entire community is a ‘client’ of the police. Some members of the community, who have more direct dealings with the police, can be considered specific client groups, for example:

1 The use of the term ‘offender’ in this chapter refers to a person who is alleged to have committed an offence. It differs from the definition used in chapter 8 (‘Corrective services’), where the term ‘offender’ refers to a person who has been convicted of an offence and is subject to a correctional sentence.

POLICE SERVICES 6.3

Staffing

Police staff may be categorised in two different ways:

Operational status is considered the better estimate for the number of police staff actively engaged in the delivery of police-related services. Nationally in 2015-16, 91.0 per cent of the 70 651 police staff were operational (an increase from 84.3 per cent in 2008-09) (table 6A.11). This equates to 295 per 100 000 people, but varies across jurisdictions, in part, due to differing operating environments (figure 6.1).

Time series data for police staffing are reported in tables 6A.1–8, 6A.11, 6A.17 and 6A.18.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); tables 6A.1–6A.8; ABS (2016) Australian Demographic Statistics, December 2015, Cat. no. 3101.0; table 2A.2.

0200400600800NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustStaff/100 000 peopleOperationalNon-operational

6.4 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Responsiveness

The responsiveness of police to calls for assistance is critical to the effectiveness of police services. Although the Steering Committee considers nationally comparable response times reporting a priority for this Report currently, there is no consistent public reporting of response times across states and territories. Publicly available data are in box 6.1.

The framework of performance indicators is based on governments’ common objectives for police services (box 6.2).

The performance indicator framework provides information on equity, efficiency and effectiveness, and distinguishes the outputs and outcomes of police services (figure 6.2).

The performance indicator framework shows which data are complete and comparable in the 2017 Report. For data that are not considered directly comparable, text includes relevant caveats and supporting commentary. Chapter 1 discusses data comparability, data completeness and information on data quality from a Report-wide perspective. In addition to section 6.1, the Report’s Statistical context chapter (chapter 2) contains data that may assist in interpreting the performance indicators presented in this chapter.

Improvements to performance reporting for police services are ongoing and will include identifying indicators to fill gaps in reporting against key objectives, improving the comparability and completeness of data and reviewing proxy indicators to establish whether more direct measures can be developed.

6.6 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Figure 6.2 Police services performance indicator framework

Outputs are the services delivered (while outcomes are the impact of these services on the status of an individual or group) (see chapter 1). Output information is also critical for equitable, efficient and effective management of government services.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staffing

‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staffing’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to provide police services in an equitable manner (box 6.3). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people might feel more comfortable in ‘accessing’ police services when they are able to deal with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander police staff. However, many factors influence the willingness of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to access police services, including familiarity with procedures for dealing with police.

6.8 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

The proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander police staff in 2015-16 was below the representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the population aged 20–64 years for all jurisdictions except NSW and the ACT (figure 6.3). Time series data for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander police staffing are reported in tables 6A.1–8 and 6A.17.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); table 6A.17.

Staffing by gender

‘Staffing by gender’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to provide police services in an equitable manner (box 6.4).

051015202530NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTPer centAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staffAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 20-64 years

POLICE SERVICES 6.9

Nationally, 32.5 per cent of police staff were female in 2015-16, relatively unchanged for most jurisdictions over the period 2011-12 to 2015-16 (figure 6.4).

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); table 6A.18.

Road safety

‘Road safety’ is an indicator of governments’ objective of promoting safer behaviour on roads (box 6.5).

01020304050NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustPer cent 2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

6.10 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Nationally in 2015-16, of those people who had driven in the previous six months:

POLICE SERVICES 6.11

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); table 6A.33.

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); table 6A.34.

0

3

6

9

12

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2011-12 to 2014-15 2015-16

0

4

8

12

16

20

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2011-12 to 2014-15 2015-16

6.12 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); table 6A.35.

Deaths in police custody

‘Deaths in police custody’ is an indicator of governments’ objective of providing safe custodial services (box 6.6).

020406080NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustPer cent2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

POLICE SERVICES 6.13

Nationally in 2014-15, there were 11 deaths in police custody, of which five were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander deaths (table 6.1). This number has reduced since 2007-08, predominately due to the decrease in non-Indigenous deaths (29 out of 34 deaths in 2007-08) (table 6A.38). However, as data are not available for NSW and Victoria, figures for 2014-15 are understated.

Non-Indigenous deaths

2014-15

na

na

3

2

1

–

–

–

6

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander deaths

2014-15

na

na

1

2

–

–

–

2

5

Total deaths

2007-08

7

8

5

4

4

1

–

5

34

2008-09

6

3

8

8

6

–

1

5

37

2009-10

5

6

6

3

1

1

1

4

27

2010-11

6

1

7

6

2

2

1

–

25

2011-12

10

6

9

5

3

–

–

2

35

2012-13

5

2

4

6

1

–

–

–

18

2013-14

na

4

3

1

3

–

–

1

12

2014-15

na

na

4

4

1

–

–

2

11

a See box 6.6 and table 6A.38 for detailed definitions, footnotes and caveats. – Nil or rounded to zero. na Not available.

Source: AIC (various years, unpublished) Deaths in Custody, Australia; table 6A.38.

6.14 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Magistrates court defendants resulting in a guilty plea or finding

‘Magistrates court defendants resulting in a guilty plea or finding’ is an indicator of governments’ objective of supporting the judicial process to bring to justice those people responsible for committing an offence (box 6.7).

Nationally, the proportion of magistrates court adjudicated defendants who either submitted a guilty plea or were found guilty was 97.8 per cent in 2014-15 (figure 6.8).

POLICE SERVICES 6.15

Source: ABS (2016d) Criminal Courts, Australia (various years), Cat. no. 4513.0; table 6A.40.

Satisfaction with police services

‘Satisfaction with police services’ is an indicator of governments’ objective of providing services that are accessible and responsive to community needs (box 6.8).

Nationally, 75.2 per cent of the general population were ‘satisfied’ or ‘very satisfied’ with the services provided by police in 2015-16 (table 6A.12). The proportion was higher for those

020406080100NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustPer cent2010-11 to 2013-142014-15

6.16 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

who had contact with police, and this was the case across all jurisdictions (tables 6A.12 and 6A.24). Nationally, 84.5 per cent were ‘satisfied’ or ‘very satisfied’ with the service they received during their most recent contact (figure 6.9).

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); table 6A.24.

Perceptions of police integrity

‘Perceptions of police integrity’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to provide services with integrity, honesty and fairness (box 6.9).

020406080100NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustPer cent2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

POLICE SERVICES 6.17

Nationally in 2015-16:

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); table 6A.14.

020406080100NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustPer cent2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

6.18 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Complaints

‘Complaints’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to provide services with integrity, honesty and fairness (box 6.10).

Trends within jurisdictions have varied over time (figure 6.11). Table 6A.16 reports numbers per 100 000 people.

POLICE SERVICES 6.19

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); table 6A.16.

Juvenile diversions

‘Juvenile diversions’ is an indicator of governments’ objective of supporting the judicial process to bring to justice those people responsible for committing an offence (box 6.11).

050100150200250NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTIndex2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

6.20 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

The majority of jurisdictions reported an increased proportion of juvenile offenders undergoing diversionary programs from 2014-15 to 2015-16 (table 6A.39).

Outcomes of investigations

‘Outcomes of investigations’ is an indicator of governments’ objective of supporting the judicial process to bring to justice those people responsible for committing an offence (box 6.12).

POLICE SERVICES 6.21

Figure 6.12a presents the proportion of investigations finalised within 30 days for a range of offences in 2015 (data on kidnapping/abduction and blackmail/extortion are in table 6A.31). Figure 6.12b reports the proportion of investigations and other theft investigations of crimes against property that were finalised within 30 days of the offence becoming known to police for 2015.

The proportion of these finalised investigations for which proceedings had commenced against an alleged offender is presented in tables 6A.31 (crimes against the person) and 6A.32 (crimes against property).

6.22 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

published for Tasmania, ACT and NT for homicide and related offences.

Source: Derived from ABS (2016b), Recorded Crime – Victims, 2015, Cat. no. 4510.0; tables 6A.31–32.

0

20

40

60

80

100

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT

Sexual assault Armed robbery Homicide and related offences

0

20

40

60

80

100

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT

Unlawful entry with intent Motor vehicle theft Other theft

POLICE SERVICES 6.23

Proportion of prosecutions where costs are awarded against police

‘Proportion of prosecutions where costs are awarded against police’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to undertake police activities associated with the judicial process efficiently (box 6.13).

The proportion of prosecutions where costs were awarded against the police in 2015-16 was less than 2.0 per cent in all jurisdictions for which data are available (table 6A.41).

Dollars per person

‘Dollars per person’ is a proxy indicator of governments’ objective of providing police services in an efficient manner (box 6.14).

6.24 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Recurrent expenditure (less revenue from own sources and payroll tax) on police services across Australia was $459 per person in 2015-16 (figure 6.13), with an average annual increase of 2.4 per cent from 2008-09 (table 6A.10).

Time series data for real recurrent expenditure by each jurisdiction are reported in tables 6A.1-8 and 6A.10. Capital costs (including depreciation and the user cost of capital) for each jurisdiction are also contained in tables 6A.1–8, with associated information on treatment of assets by police agencies in table 6A.9.

Source: State and Territory governments (unpublished); table 6A.10.

0 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 1 400NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAust$/person2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

Outcomes are the impact of services on the status of an individual or group (see chapter 1).

Crime victimisation

‘Crime victimisation’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to contribute to a safe and secure community that enables people to undertake their lawful pursuits confidently and safely (box 6.15).

Nationally in 2014-15 there were an estimated 2137 victims of physical assaults, 2626 victims of threatened assaults, 328 victims of sexual assaults and 298 victims of robberies per 100 000 people (figure 6.14).

Nationally, an estimated 4737 households experienced a break-in or attempted break-in and an estimated 598 households experienced motor vehicle theft per 100 000 households in 2014-15 (figure 6.15). The number of recorded property crimes per 100 000 people is reported in table 6A.26. Data for all measures vary across jurisdictions and over time (tables 6A.27-28).

6.26 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

ACT and the NT and Sexual assault data for SA, Tasmania, ACT and NT are not presented, as confidence

intervals are not available due to associated relative standard errors greater than 50 per cent.

Source: Derived from ABS (2016a) Crime Victimisation, Australia 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0; table 6A.27.

for the ACT are not presented, as confidence intervals were not available due to associated relative

standard errors greater than 50 per cent.

Source: Derived from ABS (2016a) Crime Victimisation, Australia 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0; table 6A.28.

0

1 000

2 000

3 000

4 000

5 000

6 000

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

Physical assault Threatened assault Sexual assault Robbery

0

2 000

4 000

6 000

8 000

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

Break-in Attempted break-in Motor vehicle theft

POLICE SERVICES 6.27

Perceptions of safety

‘Perceptions of safety’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to contribute to a safe and secure community that enables people to undertake their lawful pursuits confidently and safely (box 6.16).

Nationally in 2015-16, 88.5 per cent of people felt ‘safe’ or ‘very safe’ at home alone during the night (figure 6.16).

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); table 6A.19.

020406080100NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustPer cent2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

6.28 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Nationally in 2015-16, 91.0 per cent of people felt safe or very safe when walking locally

during the day (table 6A.20), and 51.7 per cent when walking locally during the night

(figure 6.17a). This proportion dropped to 56.5 per cent when travelling on public transport

during the day (table 6A.21), and dropped further to 24.3 per cent when travelling on public

transport during the night (figure 6.17b).

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); tables 6A.20–21.

0

20

40

60

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2011-12 to 2014-15 2015-16

0

20

40

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2011-12 to 2014-15 2015-16

POLICE SERVICES 6.29

Perceptions of crime problems

‘Perceptions of crime problems’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to contribute to a safe and secure community that enables people to undertake their lawful pursuits confidently and safely (box 6.17).

Nationally in 2015-16, people identified the following issues as a ‘major problem’ or ‘somewhat of a problem’ in their neighbourhoods:

Time series data for perceptions of crime problems are reported in tables 6A.22−23.

6.30 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Source: ANZPAA (unpublished); tables 6A.22–23.

0

20

40

60

80

100

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2011-12 to 2014-15 2015-16

0

20

40

60

80

100

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2011-12 to 2014-15 2015-16

POLICE SERVICES 6.31

Traffic accident hospitalisations per registered vehicle

‘Traffic accident hospitalisations per registered vehicle’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to contribute to a safe and secure community that enables people to undertake their lawful pursuits confidently and safely (box 6.18).

Nationally, there were 234 traffic accident hospitalisations per 100 000 registered vehicles in 2014-15 (figure 6.19).

6.32 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

NSW Vic Qld WA SA Tas ACT NT Aust

2010-11 to 2013-14 2014-15

a See box 6.18 and table 6A.37 for detailed definitions, footnotes and caveats.

Source: AIHW (various years) Australian Hospital Statistics (unpublished); ABS (2016c) Motor Vehicle Census (various years), Australia, Cat. no. 9309.0; table 6A.37.

Road deaths ‘Road deaths’ is an indicator of governments’ objective to contribute to a safe and secure community that enables people to undertake their lawful pursuits confidently and safely (box 6.19).

POLICE SERVICES 6.33

Nationally in 2015-16, there were 6.9 road deaths per 100 000 registered vehicles (figure 6.20).

Source: Australian Road Fatality Statistics at www.bitre.gov.au/; ABS (2016c) Motor Vehicle Census (various years), Australia, Cat. no. 9309.0; table 6A.36.

Number of staff who are self identified as being of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent.

A defendant is a person or organisation against whom one or more criminal charges have been laid and which are heard together as one unit of work by a court level. An adjudicated finalisation is a method of finalisation based on a judgment or decision by the court as to whether or not the defendant is guilty of the charge(s) laid against them.

Robbery conducted with the use (actual or implied) of a weapon, where a weapon can include, but is not restricted to:

The direct (and immediate/confrontational) infliction of force, injury or violence on a person(s) or the direct (and immediate/confrontational) threat of force, injury or violence where there is an apprehension that the threat could be enacted.

Any full time equivalent category where the individual is on duty performing a

010203040NSWVicQldWASATasACTNTAustDeaths/100 000 registered vehicles2011-12 to 2014-152015-16

6.34 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

function. To be measured using average staffing level for the whole reporting period.

Unlawful demanding with intent to gain money, property or any other benefit from, or with intent to cause detriment to, another person, accompanied by the use of coercive measures, to be carried out at some point in the future if the demand is not met. This may also include the use and/or threatened use of face-to-face force or violence, provided there is a threat of continued violence if the demand is not met.

A formal method of dealing with young offenders without taking court proceedings. Police officers may caution young offenders instead of charging them if the offence or the circumstance of the offence is not serious.

Unsworn staff, including specialists (civilian training and teaching medical and other specialists) and civilian administrative and management staff.

Number of statements of complaint by members of the public regarding police conduct.

Where possible, based on current asset valuation.

The equivalent number of full time staff required to provide the same hours of work as performed by staff actually employed. A full time staff member is equivalent to a full time equivalent of one, while a part time staff member is greater than zero but less than one.

Total number of higher courts finalised defendants resulting in a guilty plea or finding, as a proportion of the total number of higher courts finalised defendants. A defendant can be either a person or organisation against whom one or more criminal charges have been laid.

A higher court is either:

Guilty finding is an outcome of a trial in which a court determines that the criminal charge against a defendant has been proven.

Juvenile offenders who are diverted by police (for example, through the use of cautions, official warnings or other diversionary programs) away from the criminal justice system.

Hospitalisations due to traffic accidents that are likely to have required police attendance.

Total number of cases (excluding committal hearings) heard before lower courts of law only, for which there was a plea of guilty, as a proportion of the total number of cases (excluding committal hearings) heard before lower courts of law only.

A lower court is a court of summary jurisdiction (commonly referred to as magistrates’ court, local court or court of petty sessions) that deals with relatively less serious charges and has the most limited legal powers of all State and Territory court levels. Such courts are presided over by a magistrate and have jurisdiction to hear trial and sentence matters relating to summary offences. Under some circumstances, this court level may also deal with the less serious indictable offences known as ‘minor indictable’ or ‘triable either way’ offences.

A guilty plea is the formal statement by a defendant admitting culpability in relation to a criminal charge. A not guilty plea is the formal statement by a defendant denying culpability in relation to a charge. For this data collection, a plea of ‘not guilty’ should also include ‘no plea’, ‘plea reserved’ and ‘other defended plea’.

Further, these definitions:

POLICE SERVICES 6.35

a plea of guilty’ if a plea of guilty has resulted for at least one of those charges.

The taking of another person’s motor vehicle illegally and without permission.

The wilful killing of a person either intentionally or with reckless indifference to life.

Number of full time equivalent staff who do not satisfy the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staff criteria.

Any person who does not satisfy the operational staff criteria, including functional support staff only. Functional support full time equivalent staff include any person (sworn or unsworn) not satisfying the operational or operational support staff criteria (for example, finance, policy, research, personnel services, building and property services, transport services, and management above the level of station and shift supervisors).

In this chapter, the term ‘offender’ refers to a person who is alleged to have committed an offence.

An operational police staff member (sworn or unsworn) is any member of the police force whose primarily duty is the delivery of police or police related services to an external customer (where an external customer predominately refers to members of the public but may also include law enforcement outputs delivered to other government departments).

Operational staff include: general duties officers, investigators, traffic operatives, tactical officers, station counter staff, communication officers, crime scene staff, disaster victim identification, and prosecution and judicial support officers.

Maintenance and working expenses; expenditure incurred by other departments on behalf of police; expenditure on contracted police services; and other recurrent costs not elsewhere classified. Expenditure is disaggregated by service delivery area.

The taking of another person’s property with the intention of depriving the owner of the property illegally and without permission, but without force, threat of force, use of coercive measures, deceit or having gained unlawful entry to any structure, even if the intent was to commit theft.

The stage reached by a police investigation after a period of 30 days has elapsed since the recording of the incident.

Total recorded crimes against property, including:

Actual expenditure is adjusted for changes in prices. Time series financial data are adjusted to 2015-16 dollars using the General Government Final Consumption Expenditure (GGFCE) chain price deflator (2015-16 = 100. See table 2A.48 and chapter 2 for more details.

Crimes reported to (or detected) and recorded by police.

Total registered motor vehicles, including motorcycles.

The proportion of crime victims who told police about the last crime incident of which they were the victim, as measured by a crime victimisation survey.

Revenue from activities undertaken by police, including revenue from the sale of stores, plant and vehicles; donations and industry contributions; user charges; and other revenue (excluding fine revenue and revenue from the issuing of firearm licenses).

Fatal road injury accidents as defined by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau.

The unlawful taking of property from the immediate possession, control, custody or care of a person, with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of the property accompanied by the use, and/or threatened use of immediate force or violence.

Includes:

6.36 REPORT ON GOVERNMENT SERVICES 2017

Physical contact of a sexual nature directed towards another person where that person does not give consent, that person gives consent as a result of intimidation or fraud, or consent is proscribed (that is, the person is legally deemed incapable of giving consent as a result of youth, temporary/permanent (mental) incapacity or a familial relationship).

Includes rape, attempted rape, indecent assault and assault with intent to commit sexual assault. Excludes sexual harassment not leading to assault.

Number of supervisory full time equivalent staff, including civilian (team leaders) and sworn (sergeant to senior sergeant) staff.

Sworn police staff recognised under each jurisdiction’s Police Act.

Total expenditure on the purchase of new or second hand capital assets, and expenditure on significant repairs or additions to assets that add to the assets’ service potential or service life.

Total capital expenditure plus total recurrent expenditure (less revenue from own sources).

Operational staff and non-operational staff, including full time equivalent staff on paid leave or absence from duty (including secondment and training), as measured using absolute numbers for the whole reporting period.

Full time equivalent staff directly employed on an annual basis (excluding labour contracted out).

Includes:

Robbery conducted without the use (actual or implied) of a weapon

Any full time equivalent category where the individual is on paid leave or absent from duty (including secondment and training), as measured using the average staffing level for the whole reporting period.

The unlawful entry of a structure (whether forced or unforced) with intent to commit an offence, resulting in the taking of property from the structure. Includes burglary and break-in offences. Excludes trespass or lawful entry with intent.

The unlawful entry of a structure (whether forced or unforced) with intent to commit an offence, but which does not result in the taking of property from the structure. Excludes trespass or lawful entry with intent.

The opportunity cost of funds tied up in the capital used to deliver services. Calculated as 8 per cent of the current value of non-current physical assets (excluding land).

The value of buildings and fittings under the direct control of police.

The value of land under the direct control of police.

The value of motor vehicles, computer equipment, and general plant and equipment under the direct control of police.

ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) 2016a, Crime Victimisation, Australia, 2014-15, Cat. no. 4530.0, Canberra.

—— 2016b, Recorded Crime Victims, Australia, 2015, Cat. no. 4510.0, Canberra.

—— 2016c, Motor Vehicle Census, Australia, 2015, Cat. no. 9309.0, Canberra.

—— 2016d, Criminal Courts, Australia, 2014-15, Cat no. 4513.0, Canberra.

NSW Police 2016, Annual Report 2015-16.

Queensland Police Service (QPS) 2016, Annual report 2015-16.

WA Police 2016, Annual Report 2015-16.

SA Police 2016, Annual Report 2015-16.

ACT Policing 2016, Annual report 2015-16.

6A

Police services — attachment

Definitionsfortheindicatorsanddescriptorsinthisattachmentareinsection6.4ofthechapter.DatainthisReportareexaminedbythePoliceServicesWorkingGroup,buthavenotbeenformallyauditedbytheSecretariat.ApeerreviewprocessisalsoundertakenbythePolicePractitioners'Groupinthedevelopmentofthedatadefinitions.Unsourcedinformationwas obtained from the Australian, State and Territory governments.

This file is available in Adobe PDF format on the web page (www.pc.gov.au/rogs/2017).

Data reported in the attachment tables are the most accurate available at the time of data collection. Historical data may have been updated since the last edition of RoGS.

REPORT ON

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

POLICE

SERVICES

CONTENTS

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, NSW

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, Victoria

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, Queensland

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, WA

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, SA

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, Tasmania

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, ACT

Police service expenditure, staff and asset descriptors, NT

Treatment of assets by police agencies, 2015-16

Realrecurrentexpenditure(includingusercostofcapital,lessrevenuefromownsourcesand payroll tax) on police services (2015-16 dollars)

Police staff, by operational status (per cent)

General satisfaction with services provided by the police

Opinions on statement 'police perform job professionally'

Opinions on statement 'police treat people fairly and equally'

Opinions on statement 'police are honest'

Trends in complaints

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, sworn and unsworn police staff

Police staff, sworn and unsworn, by gender (per cent)

Feelings of safety at home alone during the night

Feelings of safety walking alone in your neighbourhood

Feelings of safety on public transport

Opinion on whether illegal drugs are a problem in the neighbourhood

Opiniononwhetherspeedingcars,dangerousornoisydrivingareproblemsintheneighbourhood

Satisfaction of those who had contact with police in the previous 12 months

Victims of recorded crime — selected crimes against people (per 100 000 people)

Victims of recorded crime — selected property crimes (per 100 000 people)

Estimatedvictimsofselectedpersonalcrimes,reportedandunreported(no.in'000andno.per 100 000),

Estimatedvictimsofselectedpropertycrimes,reportedandunreported(no.in'000andno.per 100 000 households)

Reportingratesofselectedpersonalcrimesexperiencedandreportedtopolice(proportionreported)

Reportingratesofselectedhouseholdcrimesexperiencedandreportedtopolice(proportion reported)

Outcomesofinvestigationsofcrimesagainsttheperson:30daystatus,1Januaryto31December 2015

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

POLICE

SERVICES

PAGE 1 of CONTENTS

CONTENTS

People who had driven in the previous 6 months without wearing a seat belt

People who had driven in the previous 6 months when possibly over the alcohol limit

Peoplewhohaddrivenintheprevious6monthsmorethan10kilometresabovethespeedlimit

Road deaths

Traffic accident hospitalisations

Number of deaths in police custody and custody-related operations, 2007-08 to 2014-15

Juvenile diversions as a proportion of offenders (per cent)

Courts adjudicated defendants who submitted a guilty plea or were found guilty

Prosecutions where costs were awarded against the police

REPORT ON

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

POLICE

SERVICES

PAGE 2 of CONTENTS

TABLE 6A.1

Table 6A.1

Expenditure

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries (a)

Salaries and related payments

$m

1 729.6

1 863.3

2 086.2

2 195.6

2 120.8

2 373.3

2 379.6

2 529.1

Superannuation

$m

186.2

190.7

208.2

264.7

285.7

326.4

353.3

350.5

Payroll tax

$m

99.7

102.8

102.4

114.2

108.7

120.4

125.0

133.1

Other recurrent expenditure

$m

421.7

434.9

427.8

463.3

482.0

477.7

497.5

489.5

Depreciation

$m

106.6

115.2

132.8

125.6

136.5

139.9

134.8

132.0

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS) (b)

$m

91.3

69.4

89.4

90.0

101.9

110.3

106.8

143.1

$m

2 352.9

2 534.7

2 765.5

2 959.1

2 923.0

3 207.0

3 258.4

3 358.1

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital (c)

$m

90.5

92.9

92.6

98.8

104.4

102.8

101.0

102.8

Capital expenditure (d)

$m

120.0

130.4

153.7

135.7

137.3

124.0

144.6

169.4

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure (e)

$m

2 557.2

2 722.1

2 978.2

3 173.3

3 134.5

3 421.7

3 500.0

3 671.7

Total accrual costs (f)

$m

2 634.3

2 799.9

3 050.0

3 262.1

3 238.1

3 540.5

3 591.2

3 737.0

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs

$

109 379

119 129

131 235

138 771

132 969

148 551

149 047

157 886

Average non-police staff costs

$

88 244

91 526

95 353

109 425

104 030

116 953

114 677

119 980

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax

REPORT ON

GOVERNMENT

SERVICES 2017

POLICE

SERVICES

PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.1

TABLE 6A.1

Table 6A.1

Operational FTE staff

Sworn (g)

FTE

14 587

14 917

15 179

15 230

15 456

15 554

15 707

15 697

Civilian (h)

FTE

1 927

1 731

1 685

1 627

1 647

1 780

1 818

1 800

Other

FTE

163

154

169

172

169

na

na

na

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

807

370

418

412

569

556

608

557

Civilian

FTE

1 639

1 751

1 787

1 866

1 854

1 870

1 898

1 921

Other

FTE

30

32

28

25

25

na

na

na

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff (i)

Operational

FTE

230

271

328

332

287

322

344

356

Non-operational

FTE

78

50

125

123

134

144

151

160

Assets by value

Land

$'000

403 692

442 873

440 886

401 296

407 927

412 116

439 595

450 130

Buildings and fittings

$'000

601 279

627 697

629 166

707 346

754 480

760 243

781 140

814 124

Other

$'000

529 511

534 112

528 949

527 038

550 426

525 066

481 868

470 356

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

ThisamountisnowincludedaspartoftotalrevenueintheAuditedFinancialStatements(appropriation),howeverdisclosureisconsistentwithprioryearRoGS.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, depreciation, and the user cost of capital.

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries include long service leave, workers' compensation insurance and fringe benefits tax.

User cost of capital is calculated at an opportunity cost of 8 per cent per annum on total value of assets (excluding land).

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, and capital expenditure.

This will differ from Audited Financial Statements Revenue includes recurrent grant (appropriation) however disclosure is consistent with prior year RoGS.

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PAGE 2 of TABLE 6A.1

TABLE 6A.1

Table 6A.1

(g)

(h)

(i)

Source:

NSW Government (unpublished).

na Not available.

Totalof206Ministerials(categorisedasother)werereclassifiedtoAdmin(civilian)on21May2014asperProclamationofthePoliceActforconversionof Ministerial employees under Administration Officers.

Figures sourced from WRS Aboriginal Employment Program.

Total increase in Authorised Strength of 130 in 2013-14.

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PAGE 3 of TABLE 6A.1

TABLE 6A.2

Table 6A.2

Expenditure

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries

Salaries and related payments

$m

1 040.7

1 117.1

1 150.2

1 281.0

1 334.2

1 437.6

1 574.5

1 691.8

Superannuation

$m

120.2

122.3

138.1

142.7

153.1

164.4

178.7

191.7

Payroll tax

$m

52.9

57.2

63.9

62.6

69.9

74.9

80.4

86.2

Other recurrent expenditure

$m

442.5

489.0

529.1

519.5

497.2

539.0

554.8

550.8

Depreciation

$m

52.9

56.8

62.1

67.0

71.2

76.5

76.8

88.8

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS)

$m

11.4

13.8

13.9

15.2

17.1

20.9

22.0

21.6

$m

1 644.9

1 771.4

1 865.6

1 994.9

2 038.6

2 196.6

2 362.8

2 501.5

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital (a)

$m

53.1

58.0

74.0

72.5

72.9

79.6

86.7

96.8

Capital expenditure

$m

86.7

120.8

98.6

84.7

75.4

159.6

173.0

101.7

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure (b)

$m

1 742.9

1 906.5

1 979.8

2 090.5

2 129.8

2 375.4

2 561.5

2 622.2

Total accrual costs (c)

$m

1 762.2

1 900.4

2 017.4

2 145.2

2 198.5

2 371.9

2 551.9

2 706.0

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs

$

94 309

98 260

97 103

102 330

107 427

112 879

121 950

129 057

Average non-police staff costs

$

60 454

60 568

62 196

66 508

65 196

53 599

56 752

54 566

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax

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PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.2

TABLE 6A.2

Table 6A.2

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status

Operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

10 547

10 968

11 752

12 324

12 506

12 901

13 057

13 207

Civilian (d)

FTE

386

1 825

2 139

1 791

1 837

1 879

1 957

2 271

Other

FTE

141

152

153

295

538

944

1 168

1 321

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

481

325

145

154

34

55

95

105

Civilian

FTE

2 175

857

602

937

685

764

794

828

Other

FTE

171

253

272

125

162

413

130

193

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff (e)

Operational

FTE

na

34

50

44

43

42

47

59

Non-operational

FTE

na

1

1

3

1

3

6

10

Assets by value (f)

Land

$'000

225 476

225 823

373 338

366 744

374 094

376 754

374 574

391 315

Buildings and fittings

$'000

551 617

602 997

802 766

783 837

788 037

856 955

932 032

1 047 667

Other

$'000

112 268

121 651

122 143

121 831

123 180

138 044

152 091

162 041

(a)

User cost of capital is calculated at an opportunity cost of 8 per cent per annum on total value of assets (excluding land).

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PAGE 2 of TABLE 6A.2

TABLE 6A.2

Table 6A.2

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Victorian Government (unpublished).

na Not available.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, depreciation, and the user cost of capital.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, and capital expenditure.

Acomprehensivereviewofcivilianpositiondescriptions,relativetothedefinitionofoperationalstaffcontainedinthePoliceServicesWorkingGroupDataManual,hasledtothereclassificationofasignificantnumberofthosepositionsasoperationalasdistinctfromnon-operationalin2009-10data.Dataforpreviousyearshavenotbeenrevised.Organisationalrestructureshaveresultedinciviliansupportdutiesbeingmorecloselyalignedwithswornoperationalareas and an increase in the relative number of operational civilians.

TheintroductionofanewhumanresourcessystemhassupportedinitialcaptureofdatarelatingtoAboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderstatus.Thedataareindicativeonly(providedonavoluntarybasis).AboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderandnon-AboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderstaffwereunabletobeseparated in Victoria prior to 2009-10.

Land and buildings revalued in 2010-11.

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PAGE 3 of TABLE 6A.2

TABLE 6A.3

Table 6A.3

Expenditure (a)

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries

Salaries and related payments (b)

$m

1 003.5

1 094.2

1 179.0

1 261.3

1 298.7

1 341.1

1 484.7

1 424.7

Superannuation (b)

$m

127.6

141.2

149.6

158.1

165.1

172.2

188.7

187.6

Payroll tax (c)

$m

53.0

56.9

61.3

64.0

67.1

69.1

–

–

Other recurrent expenditure (d) (e)

$m

274.5

312.0

309.0

342.3

328.8

330.4

255.0

405.2

Depreciation (b), (f)

$m

68.3

67.8

86.3

89.9

95.5

97.3

78.8

78.2

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS) (d)

$m

72.5

73.3

79.0

91.8

85.4

85.9

48.5

46.4

$m

1 401.3

1 541.9

1 644.9

1 759.9

1 802.8

1 855.3

1 958.7

2 049.3

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital (g)

$m

104.3

104.9

108.0

110.6

109.0

103.8

100.1

92.2

Capital expenditure (b)

$m

224.9

149.8

149.6

139.7

99.5

74.6

78.3

108.6

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure (h)

$m

1 683.5

1 754.1

1 848.4

1 965.4

1 959.3

1 987.4

2 006.7

2 126.1

Total accrual costs (i)

$m

1 631.2

1 777.0

1 893.1

2 026.3

2 064.3

2 114.0

2 107.3

2 188.0

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs

$

93 948

100 570

106 787

111 419

113 151

114 572

128 677

122 331

Average non-police staff costs (j)

$

56 849

62 527

64 522

75 111

77 605

75 868

72 605

66 013

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status

Operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

9 450

9 808

9 899

9 989

10 421

10 978

11 013

11 305

Civilian (k),(l)

FTE

1 592

2 954

2 995

2 782

2 632

2 561

2 050

2 095

Other

FTE

501

325

326

335

307

324

286

295

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax

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PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.3

TABLE 6A.3

Table 6A.3

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

674

485

486

514

444

444

398

412

Civilian (l)

FTE

1 427

466

555

526

456

454

121

155

Other

FTE

578

368

478

526

490

270

368

166

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff

Operational

FTE

301

316

311

298

325

339

321

332

Non-operational

FTE

20

22

21

20

22

13

7

4

Assets by value (n)

Land

$'000

532 321

508 884

471 643

474 206

466 487

446 989

435 076

500 778

Buildings and fittings

$'000

952 335

981 641

978 477

1 028 423

986 754

977 950

939 809

976 278

Other

$'000

351 094

329 268

371 039

354 468

376 352

319 541

310 956

176 254

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

User cost of capital is calculated at an opportunity cost of 8 per cent per annum on total value of assets (excluding land).

Depreciationiscalculatedonastraight-linebasissoastoallocatethenetcostorrevaluedamountofeachdepreciableasset,lessitsestimatedresidualvalue,progressively over its estimated useful life to the department.

Salaries,payrolltax,otherrecurrentexpenditure,revenuefromownsources,capitalexpenditure,valueoflandandotherassets,anddepreciationfor2008-09wasadjustedinthe2011RoGS.Datarevisionwasrequiredmainlyduetoauditrequirementsandupdatedmajorprojectexpenses,changedtreatmentofnonreciprocal grants and prepayment of government appropriations, and changes in salary recoveries.

From 2014-15 Queensland Government Departments are exempt from payroll tax.

The 2014-15 results are not entirely comparable to prior years. Refer to footnote (d) and (n).

Excludes expenditure on hosting the G20 summit during 2014-15.

Duetomachinery-of-governmentchangeseffective1July2014,andasperthePublicSafetyBusinessAgency(PSBA)CostofServicemodel,thisamountrecognisesanestimatedvalueofservicesexpenditure[noncash]providedbyPSBAtotheQueenslandPoliceService(QpS).Thiswillvaryfromyeartoyeardueto assumptions and estimates used in the Cost of Service model.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, and capital expenditure.

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PAGE 2 of TABLE 6A.3

TABLE 6A.3

Table 6A.3

(i)

(j)

(k)

(l)

(m)

(n)

Source:

Queensland Government (unpublished).

– Nil or rounded to zero.

Asaresultofmachinery-of-governmentchangeseffective1July2014,functionsoftheQPSresponsibleforprovidingcorporateandbusinessservices,andeducation and training services transferred to the PSBA. This included net assets of $1.7 billion being transferred to PSBA.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander staff numbers relate to those staff who self identify as being of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent.

Thedecreaseincivilianstaffin2014-15wasduetothemachinery-of-government(MoG)changeseffective1July2014.DuringtheMoGchanges,thebusinessmodelchanged,withfunctionsoftheQPSresponsibleforprovidingcorporateandbusinessservices,andeducationandtrainingservicesbeingtransferredtothePSBA.Thisincluded949.2FTEofpolicecivilianstaffbeingtransferredtoPSBA.Thedecreaseincivilianstafffrom2011-12to2013-14wasaresultofStateGovernment initiatives to reduce the size of the Queensland Public Sector.

Acomprehensivereviewofcivilianpositiondescriptions,relativetothedefinitionofoperationalstaffcontainedinthePoliceServicesWorkingGroupDataManual, led to the reclassification of a significant number of positions as operational in 2009-10 data. Data for previous years were not revised.

Theaveragenon-policestaffcostsarecalculatedastheTotalNon-PoliceStaffExpenditureovertheTotalNon-PoliceFTEnumbersforthatyear.Theincreasein the average non-police staff costs in 2011-12 is a result of severance payments and 2011-12 non-police FTE numbers being less than in 2010-11.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, depreciation, and the user cost of capital.

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PAGE 3 of TABLE 6A.3

TABLE 6A.4

Table 6A.4

Expenditure

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries

Salaries and related payments

$m

626.5

661.9

721.2

793.2

792.9

860.4

876.9

909.3

Superannuation

$m

54.3

60.8

60.7

69.4

72.0

76.3

79.6

87.3

Payroll tax (a)

$m

34.6

40.1

43.2

43.8

43.6

47.4

48.2

51.1

Other recurrent expenditure (b)

$m

201.9

216.3

256.8

269.8

258.8

258.3

267.0

288.6

Depreciation (c)

$m

40.9

40.0

40.4

42.1

45.2

51.1

50.3

53.2

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS)

$m

25.7

30.9

37.3

39.7

41.8

38.8

40.6

43.8

$m

898.0

948.1

1 041.8

1 134.8

1 127.1

1 207.3

1 233.2

1 294.5

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital (d)

$m

45.6

46.2

50.7

55.4

56.5

57.6

60.5

63.3

Capital expenditure

$m

66.9

76.8

67.2

123.8

79.7

49.9

68.2

91.1

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure (e)

$m

984.2

1 055.9

1 149.1

1 299.9

1 247.0

1 292.2

1 339.9

1 427.4

Total accrual costs (f)

$m

1 003.8

1 065.2

1 173.0

1 273.6

1 269.0

1 351.1

1 382.5

1 452.8

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs (g)

$

105 901

113 558

119 389

132 150

130 138

142 300

140 330

141 275

Average non-police staff costs (h)

$

66 908

74 154

75 102

78 039

79 156

79 903

83 212

82 443

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax

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PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.4

TABLE 6A.4

Table 6A.4

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status

Operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

5 176

5 118

5 157

5 290

5 319

5 349

5 597

5 816

Civilian

FTE

1 034

1 097

1 131

1 190

1 208

1 186

998

983

Other

FTE

114

167

206

274

263

360

400

384

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

346

353

505

344

407

368

330

360

Civilian

FTE

767

608

594

560

550

555

651

728

Other

FTE

37

36

55

50

42

33

29

30

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff

Operational

FTE

124

136

125

110

112

112

103

108

Non-operational

FTE

12

13

8

8

11

8

6

12

Assets by value

Land

$'000

174 418

151 831

179 627

200 216

243 279

254 624

256 447

235 992

Buildings and fittings

$'000

404 272

405 922

452 627

440 491

499 820

521 548

537 088

540 984

Other

$'000

165 267

171 305

181 312

252 153

205 883

198 199

219 132

250 535

(a)

(b)

(c)

WA does not pay payroll tax, however the 'notional' payroll tax rate for WA has been estimated based on 5.5 per cent of payroll costs.

Depreciation based on the straight-line method of calculation. Data for 2007-08 include $3.1 million in impairment expense.

Includes training costs (previously reported under salaries).

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PAGE 2 of TABLE 6A.4

TABLE 6A.4

Table 6A.4

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)

Employees Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status is provided on a voluntary basis.

Source:

WA Government (unpublished).

Calculated by dividing non-police staff expenditure by non-police staff numbers.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, depreciation, and the user cost of capital.

User cost of capital is calculated at an opportunity cost of 8 per cent per annum on total value of assets (excluding land).

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, and capital expenditure.

Calculated by dividing sworn police staff expenditure by sworn police numbers.

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PAGE 3 of TABLE 6A.4

TABLE 6A.5

Table 6A.5

Expenditure

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries

Salaries and related payments (a)

$m

436.7

444.4

475.4

512.1

508.2

541.0

559.3

573.3

Superannuation

$m

55.6

54.4

58.0

61.3

63.6

64.5

67.1

65.2

Payroll tax

$m

23.2

24.0

25.8

26.8

28.3

28.9

30.7

31.3

Other recurrent expenditure (c)

$m

110.3

119.7

124.4

133.8

132.6

130.0

129.9

136.6

Depreciation

$m

17.2

17.3

15.6

20.6

22.1

23.5

25.9

25.5

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS)

$m

61.6

70.5

62.3

78.0

82.9

86.2

87.1

89.5

$m

558.1

565.3

611.1

649.8

643.5

672.7

695.1

711.1

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital

$m

13.3

12.7

15.6

22.7

23.4

23.8

22.8

22.7

Capital expenditure (d)

$m

17.3

36.7

60.0

27.9

23.4

15.7

14.4

17.6

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure

$m

643.2

679.3

743.6

761.9

756.1

780.1

801.4

823.9

Total accrual costs

$m

656.3

672.5

714.7

777.4

778.1

811.7

835.7

854.6

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs

$

107 338

103 277

111 787

116 901

116 369

123 980

129 537

132 082

Average non-police staff costs

$

52 160

59 549

59 747

64 878

70 794

67 403

66 493

67 875

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax

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PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.5

TABLE 6A.5

Table 6A.5

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status

Operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

4 083

4 265

4 313

4 428

4 428

4 428

4 401

4 362

Civilian

FTE

774

813

805

803

802

817

849

834

Other

FTE

28

27

25

25

23

27

24

23

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

126

114

76

78

64

68

50

75

Civilian

FTE

272

233

222

229

218

218

225

222

Other

FTE

148

113

95

76

49

80

113

155

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff

Operational

FTE

56

53

52

55

50

62

64

60

Non-operational

FTE

2

1

1

–

–

1

1

1

Assets by value

Land

$'000

55 143

55 700

66 367

66 797

66 668

70 672

69 473

72 394

Buildings and fittings (e)

$'000

133 304

127 260

157 834

245 427

255 132

257 493

247 388

245 318

Other

$'000

32 849

30 896

36 609

38 641

37 465

40 497

37 627

38 768

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

Source:

SA Government (unpublished).

– Nil or rounded to zero.

Higher expenditure relates to the timing of major projects.

Includes police service leave (effective 1 July 2014) and a decrease in workers compensation liability.

Includes Police Enterprise Agreement and net movement from employee liabilities based on actuarial assessment.

Decrease in 2015-16 mainly reflects depreciation partly offset by revaluation.

In 2015-16, includes higher minor equipment and once off Intra-Government transfer for helicopter project.

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PAGE 2 of TABLE 6A.5

TABLE 6A.6

Table 6A.6

Expenditure

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries

Salaries and related payments (a)

$m

122.5

128.1

138.5

138.3

137.1

134.6

137.6

143.4

Superannuation

$m

12.9

13.6

16.1

16.3

16.0

16.5

17.0

17.5

Payroll tax (b)

$m

8.1

8.5

9.1

6.5

2.2

–

–

–

Other recurrent expenditure

$m

38.5

46.6

48.4

50.3

45.7

49.2

48.7

52.1

Depreciation

$m

4.5

5.2

6.6

7.3

7.1

10.0

10.2

9.3

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS)

$m

8.4

14.0

20.2

28.6

26.3

18.5

20.2

19.9

$m

170.0

179.6

189.5

183.6

179.5

191.8

193.3

202.4

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital (c)

$m

13.0

13.5

13.9

13.0

13.3

13.2

12.9

12.4

Capital expenditure

$m

10.1

6.0

8.3

9.5

13.9

9.5

5.2

7.5

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure (d)

$m

192.1

202.8

220.4

220.9

214.9

209.8

208.4

220.5

Total accrual costs (e)

$m

199.5

215.6

232.7

231.6

221.4

223.5

226.3

234.7

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs

$

95 916

101 724

108 612

108 171

114 107

110 027

112 019

113 467

Average non-police staff costs

$

69 859

75 825

86 386

99 633

97 993

83 092

88 078

70 551

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status

Operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

1 169

1 145

1 193

1 150

1 064

1 088

1 103

1 124

Civilian

FTE

230

227

222

204

185

192

174

199

Other

FTE

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax

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PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.6

TABLE 6A.6

Table 6A.6

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

43

50

40

48

50

47

46

48

Civilian

FTE

137

126

123

112

102

104

98

158

Other

FTE

23

25

–

–

1

20

22

39

Non-operational FTE staff (f)

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff

Operational

FTE

27

27

25

24

22

23

19

19

Non-operational

FTE

2

1

1

1

–

1

3

4

Assets by value

Land

$'000

34 504

36 231

35 164

34 976

34 701

35 479

35 097

33 404

Buildings and fittings

$'000

139 752

144 825

147 841

133 756

135 537

137 018

137 651

132 876

Other

$'000

22 651

24 531

26 114

28 318

31 272

27 976

23 224

21 917

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Tasmanian Government (unpublished).

– Nil or rounded to zero.

Usercostofcapitaliscalculatedatanopportunitycostof8percentperannumontotalvalueofassets(excludingland).Capitalexpenditureincludesonlycapital appropriations.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure and capital expenditure.

Comprises salaries and payments in the nature of salary, other recurrent expenditure, depreciation and the user cost of capital.

Includes redundancy program in 2012-13.

Payroll tax ceased from 1 Oct 2012.

WiththeformationoftheDepartmentofPolice,FireandEmergencyManagement(DPFEM),mostofthenon-operationalstaffforpolice,fireandemergencymanagement work in a single unit and are all included in this total.

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TABLE 6A.7

Table 6A.7

Expenditure

Recurrent expenditure

Salaries and payments in the nature of salaries

Salaries and related payments

$m

85.4

88.4

91.4

96.5

94.4

104.8

108.9

109.5

Superannuation

$m

12.0

13.7

16.6

17.8

17.1

17.0

16.4

16.5

Payroll tax (a)

$m

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Other recurrent expenditure

$m

28.2

34.7

36.0

35.1

35.4

36.3

31.5

32.1

Depreciation

$m

3.5

3.4

4.5

5.0

5.5

5.7

6.1

5.6

Net recurrent expenditure

Revenue from own sources (ROS)

$m

0.6

0.3

0.8

1.1

0.9

1.0

1.2

1.4

$m

128.5

139.8

147.7

153.2

151.4

162.8

161.7

162.2

Capital expenditure

User cost of capital (c)

$m

3.3

3.4

3.6

5.9

6.0

6.1

5.6

5.6

Capital expenditure

$m

4.3

8.9

15.6

14.2

4.5

1.8

3.3

2.4

Expenditure aggregates

Total cash expenditure (d)

$m

129.9

145.6

159.6

163.6

151.4

159.9

160.1

160.4

Total accrual costs (e)

$m

132.4

143.5

152.1

160.2

158.4

169.9

168.5

169.2

Staffing costs

Average police staff costs

$

103 151

109 240

117 483

128 478

118 508

134 481

144 405

138 795

Average non-police staff costs

$

102 787

108 974

86 474

98 973

103 051

101 294

108 774

107 320

Staff by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and operational status (f)

Operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

707

678

706

679

706

682

660

689

Civilian

FTE

112

120

201

191

173

206

188

193

Other

FTE

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Total recurrent expenditure less ROS and payroll tax (b)

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PAGE 1 of TABLE 6A.7

TABLE 6A.7

Table 6A.7

Non-operational FTE staff

Sworn

FTE

22

29

13

11

15

11

11

13

Civilian

FTE

104

108

71

68

80

76

73

73

Other

FTE

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander FTE staff

Operational

FTE

1

8

7

7