619

(1) Stopping distance. A bicycle

equipped with only handbrakes shall be

tested for stopping distance by a rider

of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) weight in accordance

with the performance test,

§ 1512.18(d)(2) (v) and (vi), and shall have

a stopping distance of no greater than

4.57 m (15 ft) from the actual test speed

as determined by the equivalent

ground speed specified in

§ 1512.18(d)(2)(vi).

(2) Hand lever access. Hand lever

mechanisms shall be located on the

handlebars in a position that is readily

accessible to the rider when in a normal

riding position.

(3) Grip dimension. The grip dimension

(maximum outside dimension between

the brake hand lever and the handlebars

in the plane containing the

centerlines of the handgrip and the

hand brake lever) shall not exceed 89

mm (31⁄2 in) at any point between the

pivot point of the lever and lever midpoint;

the grip dimension for sidewalk

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3 This is proportional to a gear development

greater than 6.67 m (21.9 ft) in the bicycle’s

highest gear ratio. Gear development is

the distance the bicycle travels in meters, in

one crank revolution.

bicycles shall not exceed 76 mm (3 in).

The grip dimension may increase toward

the open end of the lever but shall

not increase by more than 12.7 mm (1⁄2

in) except for the last 12.7 mm (1⁄2 in) of

the lever. (See figure 5 of this part

1512.)

(4) Attachment. Brake assemblies

shall be securely attached to the frame

by means of fasteners with locking devices

such as a lock washer, locknut, or

equivalent and shall not loosen during

the rocking test, § 1512.18(d)- (2)(iii).

The cable anchor bolt shall not cut any

of the cable strands.

(5) Operating force. A force of less

than 44.5 N (10 lbf) shall cause the

brake pads to contact the braking surface

of the wheel when applied to the

handlever at a point 25 mm (1.0 in)

from the open end of the handlever.

(6) Pad and pad holders. Caliper brake

pad shall be replaceable and adjustable

to engage the braking surface without

contacting the tire or spokes and the

pad holders shall be securely attached

to the caliper assembly. The brake pad

material shall be retained in its holder

without movement when the bicycle is

loaded with a rider of at least 68.1 kg

(150 lb) weight and is rocked forward

and backward as specified in the rocking

test, § 1512.18(d)(2)(iii).

(7) [Reserved]

(8) Hand lever location. The rear brake

shall be actuated by a control located

on the right handlebar and the front

brake shall be actuated by a control located

on the left handlebar. The lefthand/

right-hand locations may be reversed

in accordance with an individual

customer order. If a single hand lever

is used to actuate both front and rear

brakes, it shall meet all applicable requirements

for hand levers and shall be

located on either the right or left handlebar

in accordance with the customer’s

preference.

(9) Hand lever extensions. Bicycles

equipped with hand lever extensions

shall be tested with the extension levers

in place and the hand lever extensions

shall also be considered to be

hand levers.

(c) Footbrakes. All footbrakes shall be

tested in accordance with the force

test, § 1512.18(e)(2), and the measured

braking force shall not be less than 178

N (40 lbf) for an applied pedal force of

310 N (70 lbf).

(1) Stopping distance. Bicycles

equipped with footbrakes (except sidewalk

bicycles) shall be tested in accordance

with the performance test,

§ 1512.18(e)(3), by a rider of at least 68.1

kg (150 lb) weight and shall have a

stopping distance of no greater than

4.57 m (15 ft) from an actual test speed

of at least 16 km/h (10 mph). If the bicycle

has a footbrake only and the equivalent

groundspeed of the bicycle is in

excess of 24 km/h (15 mph) (in its highest

gear ratio at a pedal crank rate of

60 revolutions per minute), 3 the stopping

distance shall be 4.57 m (15 ft)

from an actual test speed of 24 km/h (15

mph) or greater.

(2) Operating force. Footbrakes shall

be actuated by a force applied to the

pedal in a direction opposite to that of

the drive force, except where brakes

are separate from the drive pedals and

the applied force is in the same direction

as the drive force.

(3) Crank differential. The differential

between the drive and brake positions

with the crank held against each position

under a torque of no less than 13.6

N-m (10 ft-lb).

(4) Independent operation. The brake

mechanism shall function independently

of any drive-gear positions or adjustments.

(d) Footbrakes and handbrakes in combination.

Bicycles equipped with footbrakes

and handbrakes shall meet all

the requirements for footbrakes in

§ 1512.5(c), including the tests specified.

In addition, if the equivalent ground

speed of the bicycle is 24 km/h (15 mph)

or greater (in its highest gear ratio at

a pedal crank rate of 60 revolutions per

minute), 3 the actual test speed specified

in § 1512.18(e)(3) shall be increased

to 24 km/h (15 mph) and both braking

systems may be actuated to achieve

the required stopping distance of 4.57 m

(15 ft).

(e) Sidewalk bicycles. (1) Sidewalk bicycles

shall not have handbrakes only.

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(2) Sidewalk bicycles with a seat

height of 560 mm (22 in) or greater

(with seat height adjusted to its lowest

position) shall be equipped with a footbrake

meeting all the footbrake requirements

of § 1512.5(c), including the

specified tests except that the braking

force transmitted to the rear wheel

shall be in accordance with the sidewalk

bicycle footbrake force tests,

§ 1512.18(f).

(3) Sidewalk bicycles with a seat

height less than 560 mm (22 in) (with

seat height adjusted to its lowest position)

and not equipped with a brake

shall not have a freewheel feature.

Such sidewalk bicycles equipped with a

footbrake shall be tested for brake

force in accordance with the sidewalk

bicycle footbrake force test, § 1512.18(f).

Such sidewalk bicycles not equipped

with brakes shall be identified with a

permanent label clearly visible from a

distance of 3.1 m (10 ft) in daylight conditions

and promotional display material

and shipping cartons shall prominently

display the words ‘‘No Brakes.’’

(a) Handlebar stem insertion mark. The

handlebar stem shall contain a permanent

ring or mark which clearly indicates

the minimum insertion depth of

the handlebar stem into the fork assembly.

The insertion mark shall not

affect the structural integrity of the

stem and shall not be less than 21⁄2

times the stem diameter from the lowest

point of the stem. The stem

strength shall be maintained for at

least a length of one shaft diameter

below the mark.

(b) Handlebar stem strength. The handlebar

stem shall be tested for strength

in accordance with the handlebar stem

test, § 1512.18(g), and shall withstand a

force of 2000 N (450 lbf) for bicycles and

1000 N (225 lbf) for sidewalk bicycles.

(c) Handlebar. Handlebars shall allow

comfortable and safe control of the bicycle.

Handlebar ends shall be symmetrically

located with respect to the longitudinal

axis of the bicycle and no

more than 406 mm (16 in) above the

seat surface when the seat is in its lowest

position and the handlebar ends are

in their highest position.

(d) Handlebar ends. The ends of the

handlebars shall be capped or otherwise

covered. Handgrips, end plugs, control

shifters, or other end-mounted devices

shall be secure against a removal force

of no less than 66.8 N (15 lbf) in accordance

with the protective cap and endmounted

devices test, § 1512.18(c).

(e) Handlebar and clamps. The handlebar

and clamps shall be tested in accordance

with the handlebar test,

§ 1512.18(h). Directions for assembly of

the bicycle required in the instruction

manual by § 1512.19(a)(2) shall include

an explicit warning about the danger of

damaging the stem-to-fork assembly

and the risk of injury to the rider that

can result from overtightening the

stem bolt or other clamping device.

The directions for assembly shall also

contain a simple, clear, and precise

statement of the procedure to be followed

to avoid damaging the stem-tofork

assembly when tightening the

stem bolt or other clamping device.

(a) Construction. Pedals shall have

right-hand/left-hand symmetry. The

tread surface shall be present on both

top and bottom surfaces of the pedal

except that if the pedal has a definite

preferred position, the tread surface

need only be on the surface presented

to the rider’s foot.

(b) Toe clips. Pedals intended to be

used only with toe clips shall have toe

clips securely attached to them and

need not have tread surfaces. Pedals

designed for optional use of toe clips

shall have tread surfaces.

(c) Pedal reflectors. Pedals for bicycles

other than sidewalk bicycles shall have

reflectors in accordance with

§ 1512.16(e). Pedals for sidewalk bicycles

are not required to have reflectors.

The drive chain shall operate over

the sprockets without catching or

binding. The tensile stength of the

drive chain shall be no less than 8010 N

(1,800 lbf) or 6230 N (1,400 lbf) for sidewalk

bicycles.

(a) Chain guard. Bicycles having a

single front sprocket and a single rear

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